Tales of Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy in brief. Children's stories of Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy. Who is Leo Tolstoy

Fairy tales for children by Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy are short fairy tales and fairy tales about animals. Tolstoy's tales occupy a special place among all the tales of Russian authors.

Read Tolstoy's Tales

The rare talent of Alexei Nikolaevich consisted in the ability to remake folk tales in such a way as to arouse the interest of a small listener and not lose the ideological richness of Russian folk art. Such a collection of Tolstoy was called Magpie's Tales and in addition to it, in order to fully acquaint you with the author's work, we place his best creation in our opinion - the Golden Key or the adventures of Pinocchio. You can read Tolstoy's fairy tales starting from this wonderful work.

Tolstoy's tales occupy a special place among all the tales of Russian authors. Each hero of Tolstoy is a separate characteristic character, there are eccentricities and non-standard vision, which are always described delightfully! The Forty Tales of Tolstoy, although in essence they are a processing of other fairy tales, and not his own invention, but the writing talent, language turns and the use of old words put Tolstoy's Magpie Tales in a number of cultural heritage.

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

Children's stories

The boy guarded the sheep and, as if seeing a wolf, began to call:

Help, wolf!.Wolf!

The men come running and see: it's not true. As he did so two and three times, it happened - and a wolf really came running.

The boy began to scream:

Come here, come quick, wolf!

The peasants thought that he was deceiving again, as always, - they did not listen to him.

The wolf sees, there is nothing to be afraid of: in the open he cut the whole herd.

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HOW AUNT TOLD ABOUT HOW SHE LEARNED TO SEW

When I was six years old, I asked my mother to let me sew. She said: “You are still small, you will only prick your fingers,” and I kept pestering.

Mother took a red piece of paper from the chest and gave it to me; then she threaded a red thread into the needle and showed me how to hold it.

I began to sew, but could not make even stitches; one stitch came out large, and the other fell to the very edge and broke through. Then I pricked my finger and wanted not to cry, but my mother asked me: “What are you?” I couldn't help but cry. Then my mother told me to go play.

When I went to bed, I kept dreaming of stitches; I kept thinking about how I should learn to sew as soon as possible, and it seemed to me so difficult that I would never learn.

And now I've grown big and I don't remember how I learned to sew; and when I teach my girl to sew, I wonder how she can't hold a needle.

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HOW A BOY TOLD ABOUT HOW A STORM FOUND HIM IN THE FOREST

When I was little, they sent me to the forest to pick mushrooms. I reached the forest, picked mushrooms and wanted to go home. Suddenly it became dark, it began to rain and thundered. I got scared and sat down under a big oak tree. Lightning flashed, so bright that it hurt my eyes, and I closed my eyes. Above my head something crackled and thundered; then something hit me in the head. I fell down and lay there until the rain stopped. When I woke up, trees were dripping all over the forest, birds were singing and the sun was playing. The large oak tree was broken and smoke was coming from the stump. All around me lay fragments from the oak. My dress was all wet and stuck to my body; There was a bump on my head and it hurt a little. I found my hat, took the mushrooms and ran home. There was no one at home; I got some bread from the table and climbed onto the stove. When I woke up, I saw from the stove that my mushrooms had been fried, put on the table, and they were already hungry. I shouted: “What are you eating without me?” They say: “Why are you sleeping? Go ahead and eat."

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BONE

Mother bought plums and wanted to give them to the children after dinner. They were still on the plate. Vanya never ate plums and kept sniffing them. And he really liked them. I really wanted to eat. He kept walking past the plums. When no one was in the room, he could not resist, grabbed one plum and ate it. Before dinner, the mother counted the plums and saw that one was missing. She told her father.

At dinner, the father says:

And what, children, has anyone eaten one plum?

Everyone said:

Vanya blushed like a cancer, and said too:

No, I didn't eat.

Then the father said:

What any of you have eaten is not good; but that's not the problem. The trouble is that there are seeds in plums, and if someone does not know how to eat them and swallows a stone, he will die in a day. I'm afraid of it.

Vanya turned pale and said:

No, I threw the bone out the window.

And everyone laughed, and Vanya began to cry.

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GIRL AND MUSHROOMS

Two girls were walking home with mushrooms.

They had to cross the railroad.

They thought that the car was far away, so they climbed the embankment and went across the rails.

Suddenly a car roared. The older girl ran back, and the younger one ran across the road.

The older girl shouted to her sister:

"Don't go back!"

But the car was so close and made such a loud noise that the smaller girl did not hear; she thought she was being told to run back. She ran back across the tracks, stumbled, dropped the mushrooms and began to pick them up.

The car was already close, and the driver whistled with all his might.

The older girl shouted:

“Drop the mushrooms!” and the little girl thought she was being told to pick the mushrooms and crawled along the road.

The driver could not keep the car. She whistled with all her might and ran over the girl.

The older girl was screaming and crying. All the passers-by looked out of the windows of the carriages, and the conductor ran to the end of the train to see what had become of the girl.

When the train passed, everyone saw that the girl was lying head down between the rails and was not moving.

Then, when the train had already gone far, the girl raised her head, jumped to her knees, picked mushrooms and ran to her sister.

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HOW A BOY TOLD ABOUT HOW HE FOUND QUEEN BEE TO GRANDFATHER

My grandfather lived in a bee garden in the summer. When I visited him, he gave me honey.

Once I came to the bee-keeper and began to walk between the hives. I was not afraid of bees, because my grandfather taught me to walk quietly around the forest.

And the bees got used to me and did not bite. In one hive, I heard something quacking.

I came to my grandfather in the hut and told him.

He went with me, listened to me and said:

One swarm has already flown out of this hive, a pervak, with an old queen; and now the young queens have hatched. This is what they scream. They will fly out tomorrow with another swarm.

I asked my grandfather:

What are the uterus?

He said:

Come tomorrow; God willing, it will open up - I'll show you and give you honey.

When I came to my grandfather the next day, he had two closed swarms with bees hanging in his hallway. Grandfather ordered me to put on a net and tied it around my neck with a handkerchief; then he took one closed swarm with bees and carried it to the bee-keeper. The bees hummed in it. I was afraid of them and hid my hands in my trousers; but I wanted to see the uterus, and I followed my grandfather.

At the osek, grandfather went up to an empty log, adjusted the trough, opened the swarm and shook the bees out of it onto the trough. The bees crawled along the trough into the deck and trumpeted, and the grandfather stirred them with a broom.

And here is the mother! - Grandfather pointed to me with a broom, and I saw a long bee with short wings. She crawled with the others and disappeared.

Then my grandfather removed the net from me and went to the hut. There he gave me a large piece of honey, I ate it and smeared my cheeks and hands.

The squirrel jumped from branch to branch and fell right on the sleepy wolf. The wolf jumped up and wanted to eat her. The squirrel began to ask: "Let me go." The wolf said: “Okay, I'll let you in, just tell me why you squirrels are so cheerful. I'm always bored, but you look at you, you're all playing and jumping up there. The squirrel said: “Let me go up the tree first, and from there I will tell you, otherwise I am afraid of you.” The wolf let go, and the squirrel went to the tree and said from there: “You are bored because you are angry. Anger burns your heart. And we are cheerful because we are kind and do no harm to anyone.

True story "The Lion and the Dog"

In London, they showed wild animals and took money or dogs and cats for food for wild animals.

One man wanted to look at the animals: he grabbed a dog in the street and brought it to the menagerie. They let him watch, but they took the little dog and threw it into a cage to be eaten by a lion.

The dog tucked its tail between its legs and snuggled into the corner of the cage. The lion walked up to her and sniffed her.

The dog lay on its back, raised its paws and began to wag its tail.

The lion touched her with his paw and turned her over.

The dog jumped up and stood in front of the lion on its hind legs.

The lion looked at the dog, turned its head from side to side and did not touch it.

When the owner threw meat to the lion, the lion tore off a piece and left it for the dog.

In the evening, when the lion went to bed, the dog lay down beside him and laid her head on his paw.

Since then, the dog lived in the same cage with the lion, the lion did not touch her, ate food, slept with her, and sometimes played with her.

Once the master came to the menagerie and recognized his little dog; he said that the dog was his own, and asked the owner of the menagerie to give it to him. The owner wanted to give it back, but as soon as they began to call the dog to take it out of the cage, the lion bristled and growled.

So the lion and the dog lived for a whole year in one cage.

A year later, the dog fell ill and died. The lion stopped eating, but kept sniffing, licking the dog and touching it with his paw.

When he realized that she was dead, he suddenly jumped up, bristled, began to whip his tail on the sides, threw himself on the wall of the cage and began to gnaw the bolts and the floor.

All day he fought, tossed about in the cage and roared, then lay down beside the dead dog and fell silent. The owner wanted to carry away the dead dog, but the lion would not let anyone near it.

The owner thought that the lion would forget his grief if he was given another dog, and let a live dog into his cage; but the lion immediately tore her to pieces. Then he hugged the dead dog with his paws and lay like that for five days.

On the sixth day the lion died.

Byl "Eagle"

The eagle built his nest on the high road, far from the sea, and brought out the children.

Once people worked near the tree, and the eagle flew up to the nest with a big fish in its claws. People saw the fish, surrounded the tree, shouted and threw stones at the eagle.

The eagle dropped the fish, and the people picked it up and left.

The eagle sat on the edge of the nest, and the eaglets raised their heads and began to squeak: they asked for food.

The eagle was tired and could not fly again to the sea; he descended into the nest, covered the eaglets with his wings, caressed them, straightened their feathers and seemed to ask them to wait a little. But the more he caressed them, the louder they squealed.

Then the eagle flew away from them and sat on the top bough of the tree.

The eagles whistled and squealed even more plaintively.

Then the eagle suddenly screamed loudly, spread its wings and heavily flew towards the sea. He returned only late in the evening: he flew quietly and low above the ground, in his claws he again had a big fish.

When he flew up to the tree, he looked around to see if there were people near again, quickly folded his wings and sat on the edge of the nest.

The eaglets raised their heads and opened their mouths, and the eagle tore the fish and fed the children.

What is the dew on the grass (Description)

When you go to the forest on a sunny morning in summer, you can see diamonds in the fields, in the grass. All these diamonds shine and shimmer in the sun in different colors - yellow, red, and blue. When you come closer and see what it is, you will see that these are drops of dew gathered in triangular leaves of grass and glisten in the sun.

The leaf of this grass inside is shaggy and fluffy, like velvet. And the drops roll on the leaf and do not wet it.

When you inadvertently pick off a leaf with a dewdrop, the drop will roll down like a ball of light, and you will not see how it slips past the stem. It used to be that you tear off such a cup, slowly bring it to your mouth and drink a dewdrop, and this dewdrop seems to be tastier than any drink.

Byl "Bird"

It was Seryozha's birthday, and many different gifts were presented to him; and tops, and horses, and pictures. But more than all the gifts, Uncle Seryozha gave a net to catch birds.

The grid is made in such a way that a plank is attached to the frame, and the grid is thrown back. Pour the seed on a plank and put it out in the yard. A bird will fly in, sit on a plank, the plank will turn up and slam itself shut.

Seryozha was delighted, ran to his mother to show the net. Mother says:

- Not a good toy. What do you want birds? Why would you torture them?

I'll put them in cages. They will sing and I will feed them.

Seryozha took out a seed, poured it on a plank and put the net into the garden. And everything stood, waiting for the birds to fly. But the birds were afraid of him and did not fly to the net. Seryozha went to dinner and left the net. I looked after dinner, the net slammed shut, and a bird beats under the net. Seryozha was delighted, caught the bird and carried it home.

- Mother! Look, I caught a bird, it must be a nightingale! And how his heart beats!

Mother said:

- This is a siskin. Look, do not torture him, but rather let him go.

No, I will feed and water him.

Seryozha chizh put him in a cage and for two days he sprinkled seed on him, and put water on, and cleaned the cage. On the third day he forgot about the siskin and did not change the water. His mother says to him:

- You see, you forgot about your bird, it's better to let it go.

— No, I won't forget, I'll put water on and clean the cage.

Seryozha put his hand into the cage, began to clean it, but the chizhik was frightened, beating against the cage. Seryozha cleaned out the cage and went to fetch water. The mother saw that he had forgotten to close the cage, and she shouted to him:

- Seryozha, close the cage, otherwise your bird will fly out and be killed!

Before she had time to say, the siskin found the door, was delighted, spread his wings and flew through the upper room to the window. Yes, he did not see the glass, he hit the glass and fell on the windowsill.

Seryozha came running, took the bird, carried it to the cage. The chizhik was still alive, but lay on his chest, spreading his wings, and breathing heavily. Seryozha looked and looked and began to cry.

Tales of Tolstoy list includes fairy tales written by A. N. Tolstoy. Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy- Russian writer, poet, was born in Nikolaevsk, Saratov region, in the family of a count.

Tales of Tolstoy list

The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio (1936)

A complete list of the tales of Tolstoy Alexei Nikolaevich

1. Tale about black grouse
2. Bean seed
7. Mushroom War
8. Wolf and kids
10. Clay guy
11. Stupid wolf
15. Geese - swans
19. Crane and heron
21. Hare - brag
22. Animals in the pit
24. Winter hut of animals
25. The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio
27. Ivan cow's son
28. Ivan Tsarevich and the gray wolf
30. How the fox learned to fly
31. How the old woman found a bast shoe
34. Mare's head
35. Goat - dereza
37. Gingerbread Man
38. Cat - gray forehead, goat and ram
40. Cat and fox
41. Kochetok and hen
42. Crooked duck
43. Kuzma Skorobogaty
45. Hen Ryaba
46. Lion, pike and man
48. Fox and wolf
49. Fox and thrush
50. Fox and crane
51. Fox and hare
52. Fox and rooster
53. Fox and Cancer
54. Fox and black grouse
55. Fox crying
56. Fox drowns a jug
57. Sister fox and wolf
58. Boy with a finger
60. Bear and fox
61. Bear and dog
62. Bear and three sisters
63. Bear fake leg
65. Mizgir
67. Morozko
69. A man and a bear
70. A man and an eagle
73. No goat with nuts
74. About toothy pike
75. Sheep, fox and wolf
76. Rooster and millstones
78. Cockerel - golden comb
79. By pike command
80. Go there - I don’t know where, bring that - I don’t know what
86. Bubble, straw and bast shoes
88. Turnip
91. Sister Alyonushka and brother Ivanushka
92. Sivka-Burka
94. Tale of rejuvenating apples and living water
95. Snow Maiden and Fox
100. The old man and the wolf
102. Teremok
103. Tereshechka
106. Khavroshechka
108. Princess frog
109. Chivy, chivy, chivychok ...

As we can see Tolstoy's tales, the list contains 109 tales.

Tales of A.N. Tolstoy

The writer published his first experiments on fairy-tale prose in a separate book in 1910: "Magpie's Tales" (St. Petersburg, publishing house "Public benefit"), with a dedication to his wife S. I. Dymshits. The book actually came out at the end of 1909. The collection included 41 fairy tales:

Tales of Tolstoy list

hedgehog
Magpie
mouse
Sage
Lynx, man and bear
Cat Vaska
Owl and cat
Goat
crayfish wedding
Gelding
Camel
Witcher
Polevik
Ant
chicken god
wild chickens
Gander
Masha and the mouse
Axe
Painting
Portochki
Pot
Petushki
Giant
Master
kikimora
animal king
Water
Teddy bear and goblin
Bashkiria
Silver pipe
Restless Heart (under another name "Mermaid")
Cursed tithe
Ivan da Marya
Ivan Tsarevich and Alaya-Alitsa
humble husband
Wanderer and snake
Bogatyr Sidor
straw groom

In the book, the tales have not yet been divided into cycles: "Mermaid Tales" and "Magpie Tales". This division was made in 1923 in the Love spell collection.

"The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio"- a fairy tale story by Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy, based on the fairy tale by Carlo Collodi “The Adventures of Pinocchio. The history of the wooden doll.

The idea of publishing folklore came to Tolstoy in Leningrad in a conversation with "local folklorists" (PSS, 13, p. 243), and the fairy tale books were part of the vast "Code of Russian Folklore" that was conceived. The "Code", according to the writer's intention, was to include all the redactions and types of oral creativity of the Russian people. The folklorist writer A. N. Nechaev testifies: “The whole winter of 1937/1938 was spent on preliminary preparation” of the “Svod” plan (A. N. Nechaev, N. V. Rybakova, A. N. Tolstoy and a Russian folk tale. - Appendix to the PSS, 13, p. 334). It was necessary to collect all the accumulated folklore funds "in the form of a multi-volume edition" (PSS, 13, p. 243). The writer attached high social significance and meaning to the work on the Code: “The publication of the Code of Russian Folklore will not only be a valuable artistic contribution to world literature, but it is of great political importance, as it reflects the rich spiritual culture of the Russian people and the country to which the eyes of the whole world are fixed” (PSS, 13, p. 244).

Prominent folklorists of the 1930s took part in the discussion of the problems of preparing the Code: M. K. Azadovsky, Yu. During the discussion, the idea was clarified and expanded: it was supposed to publish not only the Code of Russian Folklore, but also the Code of Folklore of the Peoples of the USSR. The past meetings in the institutions of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, reflected in the relevant documents and transcripts, are covered in the articles: Yu. A. Krestinsky. Unfinished plans of A. N. Tolstoy - academician ("Questions of Literature", 1974, No. 1, pp. 313-317); A. A. Gorelov. A. N. Tolstoy and Code of Russian Folklore. (In the book: “From the history of Russian Soviet folklore”. L., “Nauka”, 1981, pp. 3–6.)

The war that began in 1941 and the death of the writer interrupted work on the Code, part of which was the preparation of the Complete Code of Russian Fairy Tales. Of the five conceived books of fairy tales, A.N. Tolstoy managed to publish the first book as part of 51 fairy tales - all the so-called "tales about animals." The writer began work on the second book - "fairy tales" - prepared for printing 6 texts and a "saying" (published in 1944). Until 1953, 5 fairy tales remained unpublished in the writer's archive, which were included in the Collected Works (PSS, 15, pp. 303–320). And despite the incompleteness of the whole plan, the publication of folk tales prepared for publication by Tolstoy became a significant event in Soviet literature and folklore. The publication of the first book was carried out in 1940: “Russian Tales”, vol. I, M.-L., with a preface by A. Tolstoy, “Magic Tales”, prepared by the writer for publication, saw the light in the publication: “Russian Folk Tales in processed by A. Tolstoy”. Drawings by I. Kuznetsov. M.-L., Detgiz, 1944 (School library. For elementary school).

In his work on fairy tales, Tolstoy implemented a special principle of creative editing, which is fundamentally different from the literary "retelling" of an oral text. In the preface to the book of fairy tales (1940), Tolstoy wrote about this: “There were many attempts to remake Russian folk tales ... The compilers of such collections usually took up the processing of fairy tales, and retold them not in the folk language, not in folk methods, but “literally”, that is, conditional, bookish language, which has nothing in common with the people. The tales retold in this way, according to the writer, “lost all meaning”: “... folk language, wit, freshness, originality, this was some incomplete work on their text. In particular, this becomes obvious when comparing Tolstoy's text "The Fox drowns the jug" with the source - Smirnov's version No. 29a. Although the tale is stylistically corrected compared to the source, the writer wanted to avoid a simple retelling of the plot where a lively depiction of the action was required. So, for example, in Smirnov’s version it says: “Once a fox came to the village and somehow ended up in one house, where, taking advantage of the absence of the hostess, she found a jug of oil.” Tolstoy eliminated superfluous words, bookish gerunds (highlighted in italics), but intonationally the phrase remained heavy. The writer offered his own version of the text, only after carefully reviewing all the available folk options. Judging by the archive, the writer did not have other versions of the tale. The publication of fairy tales found in the archive characterizes the process of the writer's careful work on the text of fairy tales and is interesting for that.

Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy was a little over twenty years old when he began teaching peasant children to read and write on his estate. He continued to work at the Yasnaya Polyana school intermittently until the end of his life; he worked long and enthusiastically on compiling educational books. In 1872, the "ABC" was published - a book set containing the alphabet itself, texts for the initial Russian and Church Slavonic reading, arithmetic and a guide for the teacher. Three years later, Tolstoy published The New ABC. When teaching, he used proverbs, sayings, riddles. He composed many "proverb stories": in each proverb unfolded into a short plot with a moral. The “New ABC” was supplemented by “Russian Books for Reading” - several hundred works: there were stories, retellings of folk tales and classic fables, natural history descriptions and reasoning.

Tolstoy strove for an extremely simple and precise language. But it is difficult for a modern child to understand even the simplest texts about the old peasant life.

So what? Are the works of Leo Tolstoy for children becoming a literary monument and leaving Russian children's reading, the basis of which they have been for a century?

There is no shortage of modern editions. Publishers are trying to make books interesting and understandable to today's children.

1. Tolstoy, L. N. Stories for children / Leo Tolstoy; [foreword V. Tolstoy; comp. Yu. Kublanovskiy]; drawings by Natalia Paren-Chelpanova. - [Yasnaya Polyana]: Museum-Estate of L. N. Tolstoy "Yasnaya Polyana", 2012. - 47 p. : ill.

Illustrated by the Russian artist in exile Natalya Parin-Chelpanova, the children's stories of Leo Tolstoy, translated into French, were published in Paris by the Gallimard publishing house in 1936. In the Yasnaya Polyana little book, of course, they are printed in Russian. There are both stories that are usually included in modern collections and are indisputable in children's reading (“Fire Dogs”, “Kitten”, “Filipok”), as well as rare, even amazing ones. For example, the fable "The Owl and the Hare" - as a presumptuous young owl wanted to catch a huge hare, grabbed one paw into his back, the other into a tree, and he "rushed and tore the owl". Are we reading further?

What is true is true: Tolstoy's literary means are strong; Impressions after reading will remain deep.

Natalia Parin's illustrations brought the texts closer to the little readers of her time: the characters of the stories are drawn as if they were the artist's contemporaries. There are French inscriptions: for example, “Pinson” on the grave of a sparrow (to the story “How my aunt told about how she had a tame sparrow - Zhivchik”).

2. Tolstoy, L. N. Three bears / Leo Tolstoy; artist Yuri Vasnetsov. - Moscow: Melik-Pashaev, 2013. - 17 p. : ill.

In the same 1936, Yuri Vasnetsov illustrated an English fairy tale retold into Russian by Leo Tolstoy. The illustrations were originally in black and white, but here is a late colorful version. The fabulous bears of Y. Vasnetsov, although Mikhail Ivanovich and Mishutka are in vests, and Nastasya Petrovna with a lace umbrella, are quite scary. The child understands why “one girl” was so afraid of them; but she managed to escape!

The illustrations have been color corrected for the new edition. You can see the first edition, as well as reissues that differ from one another, in the National Electronic Children's Library (books are copyrighted, registration is required to view).

3. Tolstoy, L. N. Lipunyushka: stories and fairy tales / Leo Tolstoy; illustrations by A.F. Pakhomov. - St. Petersburg: Amphora, 2011. - 47 p. : ill.- (Library of a junior school student).

Many adults have preserved in the memory of Leo Tolstoy's "ABC" with illustrations by Alexei Fedorovich Pakhomov. The artist knew the peasant way of life very well (he was born in a pre-revolutionary village). He painted peasants with great sympathy, children - sentimentally, but always with a firm, confident hand.

Petersburg "Amphora" has repeatedly published stories from the "ABC" by L. N. Tolstoy with illustrations by A. F. Pakhomov in small collections. This book contains several stories from which peasant children learned to read. Then the tales - “How a man divided geese” (about a cunning man) and “Lipunyushka” (about a resourceful son that "brought out in cotton").

4. Tolstoy, L. N. About animals and birds / L. N. Tolstoy; artist Andrey Brey. - Saint Petersburg; Moscow: Speech, 2015. - 19 p. : ill. - (My mother's favorite book).

The stories "Eagle", "Sparrow and Swallows", "How Wolves Teach Their Children", "What Mice Need", "Elephant", "Ostrich", "Swans". Tolstoy is not sentimental at all. Animals in his stories are predators and prey. But, of course, a moral should be read in an alphabetical story; Not every story is straight forward.

Here is "Swans" - a true poem in prose.

It must be said about the artist that he expressively painted animals; among his teachers was V. A. Vatagin. "Stories about animals" with illustrations by Andrey Andreevich Brey, published by "Detgiz" in 1945, are digitized and available in the National Electronic Children's Library (registration is also required to view).

5. Tolstoy, L. N. Kostochka: stories for children / Leo Tolstoy; drawings by Vladimir Galdyaev. - Saint Petersburg; Moscow: Speech, 2015. - 79 p. : ill.

The book contains mainly the most frequently published and read children's stories by L. N. Tolstoy: "Fire", "Fire Dogs", "Filipok", "Kitten" ...

“Bone” is also a widely known story, but few people are ready to agree with the radical educational method shown in it.

The content of the book and the layout are the same as in the collection "Stories and were", published in 1977. More texts and drawings by Vladimir Galdyaev were in L. N. Tolstoy’s “Book for Children”, published by the Moskovsky Rabochiy publishing house in the same 1977 (publications, of course, were being prepared for the writer’s 150th birthday). The severity of the drawing and the specificity of the characters are well suited to Tolstoy's literary style.

6. Tolstoy, L. N. Children: stories / L. Tolstoy; drawings by P. Repkin. - Moscow: Nigma, 2015. - 16 p. : ill.

Four stories: "Lion and dog", "Elephant", "Eagle", "Kitten". They are illustrated by Peter Repkin, graphic artist and cartoonist. It is interesting that the lion, eagle, elephant and his little master depicted by the artist obviously resemble the heroes of the cartoon "Mowgli", the production designer of which was Repkin (together with A. Vinokurov). Neither Kipling nor Tolstoy can be harmed by this, but it leads one to think about the differences and similarities in the views and talents of the two great writers.

7. Tolstoy, L. N. The lion and the dog: a true story / L. N. Tolstoy; drawings by G. A. V. Traugot. - St. Petersburg: Speech, 2014. - 23 p. : ill.

On the flyleaf there is a drawing depicting Count Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy in London in 1861 and, as it were, confirming that this story is a true story. The story itself is given in the form of captions to the illustrations.

First line: “In London they showed wild animals…” An old multi-colored, almost fabulous Western European city, townspeople and townspeople, curly children - all in a manner that has long been characteristic of the artists "G. A. V. Traugot. Meat thrown into a lion's cage does not look naturalistic (like Repkin's). The lion, yearning for the dead dog (Tolstoy honestly writes that she is "died"), is drawn very expressively.

He told more about the book "Biblioguide".

8. Tolstoy, L. N. Filipok / L. N. Tolstoy; artist Gennady Spirin. - Moscow: RIPOL classic, 2012. -: ill. - (Masterpieces of book illustration).

"Filipok" from the "New ABC" is one of the most famous stories of Leo Tolstoy and all Russian children's literature. The figurative meaning of the word "textbook" here coincides with the direct one.

The RIPOL Classic publishing house has already republished the book with illustrations by Gennady Spirin several times and included it in the New Year gift collection. This "Filipok" was previously published in English (see the artist's website: http://gennadyspirin.com/books/). In the drawings of Gennady Konstantinovich there is a lot of affection for the old peasant life and winter Russian nature.

It is noteworthy that in the "New ABC" behind this story (at the end of which Filipok “began to speak to the Mother of God; but every word was spoken not so") followed by "Slavic letters", "Slavic words under titles" and prayers.

9. Tolstoy, L. N. My first Russian book for reading / Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. - Moscow: White City, . - 79 p. : ill. - (Russian books for reading).

"White City" undertook the complete publication of "Russian Books for Reading". The second, third and fourth books were published in the same way. There are no abbreviations here. There were stories, fairy tales, fables, descriptions and reasoning given in the order in which Lev Nikolaevich arranged them. There are no comments on the texts. Illustrations are used instead of verbal explanations. Basically, these are reproductions of paintings, well-known and not so well-known. For example, to the description "Sea" - "The Ninth Wave" by Ivan Aivazovsky. To the reasoning "Why is there a wind?" - "Children running from a thunderstorm" by Konstantin Makovsky. To the story "Fire" - "Fire in the Village" by Nikolai Dmitriev-Orenburgsky. To the story "Prisoner of the Caucasus" - landscapes by Lev Lagorio and Mikhail Lermontov.

The range of ages and interests of the readers of this book can be very wide.

10. Tolstoy, L. N. The sea: description / Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy; artist Mikhail Bychkov. - St. Petersburg: Azbuka, 2014. - p. : ill. - (Good and eternal).

Of the books listed, this seems to be the most belonging to our time. Artist Mikhail Bychkov says: “A few lines of L. N. Tolstoy gave me a great opportunity to draw the sea”. On large-format spreads, the artist depicted the southern and northern seas, calm and stormy, day and night. Tolstoy's brief text was supplemented with a drawn appendix about all kinds of sea vessels.

The work fascinated Mikhail Bychkov, and he illustrated three stories from Tolstoy's ABC, combining them with a fictional trip around the world on a sailing warship. In the story "The Jump" such a journey is mentioned. The story "Shark" begins with the words: "Our ship was anchored off the coast of Africa." The action of the story "Fire Dogs" takes place in London - and the artist painted a Russian corvette flying the flag of St. Andrew against the backdrop of the construction of Tower Bridge (built from 1886 to 1894; "ABC" was compiled earlier, but in the same era, especially if you look from our time) .

The book "Were" was published by the publishing house "Rech" in 2015. In the spring of 2016, the Leo Tolstoy State Museum on Prechistenka hosted an exhibition of illustrations by Mikhail Bychkov for these two children's books.

“The sea is wide and deep; the end of the sea is not in sight. The sun rises at sea and sets at sea. No one got the bottom of the sea and does not know. When there is no wind, the sea is blue and smooth; when the wind blows, the sea will stir and become uneven ... "

"Sea. Description"

“...Water from the sea rises in fog; the mist rises higher, and clouds are made from the mist. The clouds are blown by the wind and spread over the earth. From the clouds, water falls to the ground. From the ground flows into swamps and streams. From streams flows into rivers; from rivers to sea. From the sea again the water rises into the clouds, and the clouds spread over the earth ... "

“Where does the water from the sea go? Reasoning"

The stories of Leo Tolstoy from the "ABC" and "Russian Books for Reading" are concise, even lapidary. In many ways, archaic, in today's view. But what is essential in them is this: a now rare non-playful, serious attitude to the word, a simple, but not simplified attitude to everything around.