A poem in prose by I. S. Turgenev (analysis). Turgenev's "Sparrow" - what does this work teach us? Sparrow Turgenev Sparrow Tolstoy summary for the reader's diary

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Audio story about the power of love of a famous Russian writer XIX century Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev "Sparrow", reads Nadezhda Prokma.
"I was returning from a hunt ... The dog ran ahead ... I ... saw a young sparrow with yellowness around its beak and fluff on its head. It fell from the nest (the wind shook the birches of the alley strongly) and sat motionless, helplessly spreading its barely sprouting wings My dog was slowly approaching him, when suddenly, having fallen from a nearby tree, an old black-breasted sparrow fell like a stone in front of her very muzzle ... He shielded his offspring with himself ... but his whole small body trembled with horror, his voice became wild and hoarse, he froze, he sacrificed himself!.. He could not sit on his high, safe branch... A force stronger than his will threw him out of there. .
I was in awe of that little heroic bird, of its love impulse. Love, I thought, is stronger than death and the fear of death. Only it, only love keeps and moves life.
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We invite you to meet one interesting work Ivan Sergeevich, to analyze it. "Sparrow" Turgenev - that's what the text will be discussed. Its genre is not quite common - a poem in prose. This should be kept in mind when conducting the analysis. Turgenev's "Sparrow" is one of the miniatures in prose created by the author. To begin with, let us note what are the features of these works.

Features of miniatures in Turgenev's prose

Ivan Sergeevich has always been a lyricist at heart, as an analysis of Turgenev's prose shows. "Sparrow" is far from the only proof of this. All miniatures in prose created by the author, one of which is the poem we are interested in, are unusually lyrical. In addition, in these works it is presented above) reflects the deep life philosophy of the author. They teach us to be kinder.

Love is one of the main themes of the miniatures. However, it is not intimate, sensual, but represents an all-conquering force, is the ability to sacrifice oneself for the sake of happiness and life. loved one. As it shows - a work in which a very touching example of love in this sense is presented.

The plot of the poem

The plot of the story is quite simple. Let's briefly outline it, conducting the analysis. "Sparrow" Turgenev begins as follows. Returning from hunting, the main character walks along the alley. Here he sees a chick that has fallen out of the nest.

This chick is still quite weakly fledged. The protagonist's dog smells game. She wants to pounce on the chick. It seems that Turgenev (Sparrow) is preparing a tragic ending for us. wouldn't be so interesting if that were the case. The author uses an unexpected plot move - suddenly an adult sparrow breaks off a branch. He selflessly undertakes to protect his child.

In this work, the author very touchingly and accurately describes the state of a bird that is ready to sacrifice itself in order to save a loved one. The ruffled sparrow decides to attack the big dog, the food is pitiful and desperate. To the protagonist's surprise, his dog backs away in embarrassment.

How the sparrow managed to defeat the dog

Of course the little bird can't do anything big dog. However, the point, apparently, is in her moral, and not physical strength. The dog felt how sacrificial and great the feeling of the bird is. The dog understood that she decided to fight to the very end, protecting the little bird. And the protagonist of the work recalls the dog and leaves with it in high spirits. He once again became convinced that love is an all-conquering force.

The characters of the poem

Let us continue the analysis of the poem "Sparrow" by Turgenev with a characterization of the characters. It features 4 characters: a dog, a human, an adult and a little sparrow. Their introduction into the text is not accidental, each of the images has its own value.

Human

What do we know about a person? This is a hunter who, in fact, is able to kill birds and animals for food. However, he is in awe as he watches the sparrow protect its child. The man is not at all upset that the dog showed weakness and did not fight the bird. On the contrary, he admires the fact that the power of love has won.

Dog

As for the dog, in the work it is not just a great threat, but a real personification of fate, fate. Obeying instincts, the dog grabs the game. He doesn't care at all that it's just a little yellow-mouthed chick. A dog for a sparrow is a "huge monster." It seemed that he could not be defeated. However, as we see, the power of love is so great that it can even change fate. This is expressed in the fact that the embarrassed dog moves away from the small bold bird.

little sparrow

The fledgling sparrow from the work is the personification of a helpless creature in need of care. He can't face the threat, fight the dog, so he just sits still.

adult sparrow

An adult sparrow represents the power of sacrificial all-conquering love. The bird sees how great the threat is, but she still decides to throw a "stone" in front of the dog and thereby protect her child.

in the work

Excitement, inconsistency in presentation, intermittent phrases - all this gives dynamism to what is happening, creates an intensity of feelings. Turgenev emotionally and vividly describes the state of the bird. To do this, he uses a whole series of adjectives (desperate, distorted, disheveled, small, miserable), as well as verbs (shielded, rushed, sacrificed, froze). A small scene, so emotionally and lyrically described by the author, shows the great power of love, which is understandable to everyone and drives all living things. It is stronger than the fear of death.

The relevance of the poem

It was created back in 1878. More than a century has passed since its first publication. However, this work is still published as a separate book for young readers. "Sparrow" and in our days are asked to conduct schoolchildren. It makes not only children think, but also adults. The work ends aphoristically: Turgenev notes that life is kept and moved only by love. These words are true and relevant at all times.

Concluding the analysis of the poem "Sparrow" by Turgenev, we note that Ivan Sergeevich is a great master of the word. He knows how to hook the strings human soul capable of awakening the best aspirations in people. After reading this work, there is a desire to give true love and do good. And the analysis of the poem in Turgenev's prose "Sparrow" allows us to identify its main features that can be missed with a cursory acquaintance with the text.

Genre: story Main characters: author, sparrow and dog

Returning, somehow from a hunt, Ivan Sergeevich saw a sparrow chick, not even a fledgling, but a very small yellow-mouthed baby that had fallen out of the nest. The hunting dog, noticing the chick, became interested in him and slowly began to approach the “prey”. But at that moment, an adult disheveled sparrow with a black shirt-front fell off the birch branches and, trembling with fear, expecting imminent death with a desperate squeak, heroically rushed towards the dog. What a huge terrible beast the friendly dog Trezor seemed to him! But the sparrow courageously rushed towards the terrible monster, protecting his unthinking offspring.

He chirped desperately and lunged at the dog. And Trezor froze, and then began to back away under the pressure of the true courage of a small, self-sacrificing creature, apparently he recognized the great power of parental love and self-sacrifice ...

Turgenev recalled the astonished dog and hurried away. He himself was shocked by the courage of a tiny creature and bowed before his heroic impulse!

There is nothing stronger than love and willingness to lay down one's life for one's child without thinking. And it is on this selfless love that life rests!

A picture or drawing of a sparrow

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Summary Sparrow Turgenev

I.S. Turgenev is a famous Russian realist writer, playwright and lyricist. He is known not only for his immortal novel "Fathers and Sons", but also for the collection "Poems in Prose" (1877-1882), which also affects socio-political and moral issues. One of the components of the collection is the lyrical miniature "Sparrow" (1878).

"Sparrow" was written in 1878, becoming one of the final works of the famous Russian writer. It is worth mentioning that Turgenev wrote such “poems” when inspiration came to him: he had to write on scraps of paper and collect separate materials to collect a common plot.

Mikhail Matveyevich Stasyulevich, editor of the Vestnik Evropy magazine, where the work was subsequently published in 1882, became the first listener of Sparrow, predicting for him the road to universal recognition and love of readers. Together with the Literaguru team, we will contribute to understanding the depth of meaning contained in the lines of Turgenev's late literary creation.

Genre, direction

"Sparrow" refers to the lyrical genre of literature, which, in addition to the poem, includes an ode, an elegy, an epitaph, a message and an epigram. In the lyrics, with the help of expressive means, feelings and emotional condition main characters showing inner world characters of the work. The direction in which "Sparrow" is evaluated is realism.

I.S. Turgenev for the greatest transfer of lyrical experiences uses such a genre in literature as a poem in prose. This is a special literary form, with the help of which the writer briefly describes a special meaning and heightened emotionality, without resorting to rhyme and rhythmic organization of the text. A collapsible text without rhyme helps the reader understand not only the idea of the work, but also penetrate into the "secrets" contained in the writer's creation.

Main characters and their characteristics

A feature of the "Sparrow" is the presence in the work of the main characters in the role of animals who got into a big life drama. Dog Trezor, who is trying to take possession of the game in the face of a small defenseless chick, personifies not so much evil itself as the vicissitudes of fate and the difficulties of life. After all, it is precisely the fact that he gives up his “prey” to the brave sparrow that suggests that Trezor only follows the “call of the animal world”, and not personal motives, which cannot be said about the main character ...
adult sparrow selfless and courageous in the face of danger, but it is the love for his "chick" that makes him risk his own life. Turgenev writes about such "love", which is characteristic of every living being, it is sacrificial and disinterested, which distinguishes it from an ordinary natural instinct. And if the little sparrow needs guardianship and is afraid to confront the impending threat, then the adult sparrow does not think about the consequences of death, the fate of his “child” is important for him.
Myself hunter, lyrical hero, appears before us as an honest and principled person, devoid of cruelty and aggression. He hunts, but at the same time he plays by the rules: he takes only what he could achieve on equal terms. The beast, deprived of the ability to resist and beat people, he does not need. He tries to take care of nature and economically spend its resources. His heart is kind, so the hunter leaves the sparrow family alone, admiring the courage of the brave bird.

Themes

Main theme - mother's love - a feeling inherent in every living being, distinguishing it from an insensible stone or metal. It was the craving for his child and care for him that the sparrow demonstrated, neglecting life for the sake of saving the chick. It should be said here that Turgenev, in a concise literary form, was able to convey to the reader all the sharpness of this feeling, which is felt by all the inhabitants of our planet. Therefore, a person should not be arrogant and consider himself superior to his smaller brothers, because we all live by the same values, for which we can die.
Another theme of the work is concept of "responsibility". Responsibility for one's own "child", for maintaining its safety and for its shelter from all sorts of life's difficulties and problems, in Turgenev's understanding distinguishes a "real", one might say, "human feeling", derived from animal instinct.
The author also raises theme of caring for nature. By his behavior, he shows that a person should be a modest and economical master. Your opportunities must be limited by considerations of ethics, morality and frugality, because we have been given one land, and we have no right to plunder it thoughtlessly, killing easy prey - animals that cannot even stand up for themselves.

Problems

I.S. Turgenev, describing the above topics, adds to his work one more, quite important, the problem is the confession of love. After all, it is this feeling that makes the embarrassed hunting dog Trezor retreat from the intended goal: the capture of prey. The author himself also recalls the dog in order to finally rid the bird of fear. He, like his pet, recognizes that the power of a parent's love for a child should only inspire awe, and not provoke aggression. Alas, people do not always take into account the feelings of animals, mistakenly believing that the beast is not able to love his family.
Also, the reader can see moral choice problem, which is solved by the sparrow very simply, thanks to the instinct and harmony of the natural world where it lives. Unfortunately, people cannot always follow his example, because their world is filled with complexities, contradictions and falsehoods that distort the natural nature of man. That is why the author draws the reader's attention to this incident on the hunt: he teaches us to uncompromisingly protect the most important thing that we have.

Meaning

The author of the work shows the true power of love, which is stronger than the fear of death and death itself. This is his main idea. In Turgenev’s understanding, every living being has such qualities, and only a fool cannot understand that even the smallest “creature of God” contains more love and maternal care than some people. This work is a kind of parable about how to love.

The writer also teaches us to respect love wherever we find it. It should not be laughed at, even if its manifestations at times seem ridiculous to us. It must be revered, because this quality is the great value of all living beings.