(USE in Literature). How do the landscapes in A. I. Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" help to understand the inner state of the protagonist? (USE in literature) Four pores of love

Introduction The nature of Oblomovka Four pores of love Conclusion

Introduction

Goncharov's work "Oblomov" is a socio-psychological novel written in the middle of the 19th century. The book tells about the fate of the Russian tradesman Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a person with a fine mental organization, who was unable to find his own place in the rapidly changing world of contemporary Russia. A special role in disclosure ideological sense the novel is played by the image of nature by the author - in Oblomov, landscapes are a reflection of the inner world

hero, are closely related to his feelings and experiences.

Nature Oblomovka

The most striking landscape of the novel is the nature of Oblomovka, perceived by the reader through the prism of Ilya Ilyich's dream. Quiet, remote from the hustle and bustle of cities, the nature of the village attracts with its calmness and serenity. There are no dense, frightening forests, no restless sea, no high distant mountains or windy steppes, no fragrant flower beds, only the smell of field grass and wormwood - according to the author, a poet or a dreamer would hardly be satisfied with the unpretentious landscape of this area.

The soft, harmonious nature of Oblomovka did not require the peasants to work, which created a special, lazy mood of life in the whole village - the measured flow of time was interrupted only by the change of seasons or weddings, birthdays and funerals, which just as quickly faded into the past, giving way to the tranquility of a pacifying nature .

Oblomov's dream is a reflection of his childhood impressions and memories. Dreamy Ilya from an early age perceived the world through the beauty of the sleepy landscapes of Oblomovka, wanted to explore and learn the world, but the excessive guardianship of the parents led to the withering of the active principle in the hero and contributed to the gradual absorption of that "Oblomov" measured rhythm of life, which for him, already an adult, became the only correct and pleasant one.

Four pores of love

Nature in the novel "Oblomov" performs a special semantic and plot load. First of all, it reflects the state of the hero. The symbol of the tender feeling between Olga and Oblomov is the fragile branch of lilac, which the girl gives to Ilya Ilyich, to which he replies that he loves lilies of the valley more, and the upset Olga drops the branch. But on the next date, as if having accepted the feelings of the girl, Oblomov comes with the same branch. Even at the moment when Ilya Ilyich tells the girl that “the color of life has fallen”, Olga again plucks a lilac branch for him as a symbol of spring and the continuation of life. During the heyday of their relationship, the quiet summer nature seems to favor their happiness, its secrets, special meanings are revealed to the lover. Describing Oblomov's condition, the author compares his happiness with the beauty of a delightful summer sunset.

Nature appears completely different at the moments when Oblomov begins to doubt the bright future of their love, comparing them with rainy weather, a gray sky covered with sad clouds, dampness and cold.
At the same time, Olga notices that the lilac has already departed - as if their love has also departed. The distance of the heroes is emphasized by the image of the autumn landscape, flying leaves and unpleasantly screaming ravens, when the heroes can no longer hide behind fresh green foliage, comprehending the secrets of wildlife and their own souls. The parting of the lovers is accompanied by a snowfall, under which Oblomov falls - spring love, the symbol of which was a tender lilac branch, finally dies under a snow cover of cold.

The love of Oblomov and Olga seems to be part of that distant, familiar Ilya Ilyich “Oblomov” life. Starting in spring and ending in late autumn, their feelings become part of the natural flow of time of living nature, the change of seasons from birth and flourishing to fading and death, followed by a new birth - Oblomov's love for Agafya and Olga for Stolz.

At the end of the novel, the author describes the landscape of a modest cemetery where Oblomov is buried. As a reminder of the hero’s wonderful feeling, a lilac planted by friends grows near the grave, and it smells of wormwood, as if the hero had returned to his native Oblomovka again.

Conclusion

The landscape in the novel "Oblomov" performs the leading semantic and plot-forming functions. A subtle sense of nature, the flow of its natural time and inspiration from each of its manifestations in the work is available only to the reflective, dreamy Oblomov and Olga in love. After marriage, when depicting the life of a girl with Stolz in the Crimea, Olga unconsciously loses the ability to feel every manifestation of nature that she had during her relationship with Oblomov. The author seems to be trying to show the reader that, despite the speed of the urbanized world, a person is not subject to the natural change in the cycles of nature - fluid and changing throughout human life.

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The first landscape appears before us in Oblomov's Dream. Pictures of nature here are given in the spirit of a poetic idyll. The main function of these landscapes is psychological, we will find out in what conditions main character how his character was formed, where he spent his childhood. The Oblomov estate is a “blessed corner”, a “wonderful land”, lost in the outback of Russia. Nature there does not strike us with luxury and pretentiousness - it is modest and unpretentious. There is no sea high mountains, rocks and abysses, dense forests. The sky there huddles “closer ... to the earth ... like a parent’s reliable roof”, “the sun ... shines brightly and hotly for about six months ...”, the river runs “merrily”: it “spills into a wide pond, then“ strives with a quick thread ”, then barely "Crawls over rocks" The stars there "friendly" and "friendly" blink from heaven, the rain "gush briskly, plentifully, jump merrily, like large and hot tears of a suddenly overjoyed person", thunderstorms "are not terrible, but only beneficial."

In the scenes of love between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya, pictures of nature acquire a symbolic meaning. So, a lilac branch becomes a symbol of this nascent feeling. Here they are on the path. Olga plucks a lilac branch and gives it to Ilya. And in response, he notices that he loves lilies of the valley more, since they are closer to nature.

Trust and understanding appear in their relationship - Oblomov is happy. And Goncharov compares his condition with a person's impression of an evening landscape. “Oblomov was in that state when a person had just watched the setting summer sun with his eyes and enjoyed its ruddy traces, not taking his eyes off the dawn, not looking back where the night comes from, thinking only about the return of warmth and light for tomorrow.”

When Oblomov begins to have doubts about the truth of Olga's feelings, this novel seems to him a monstrous mistake. And again the writer compares Ilya's feelings with natural phenomena. “What wind suddenly blew on Oblomov? What clouds did he inflict?

Autumn pictures of nature intensify the atmosphere of the distance of the characters from each other. They can no longer meet so freely in the forest or parks. And here we note the plot-forming significance of the landscape. Here is one of the autumn landscapes: “The leaves flew around, everything is visible through and through; crows in the trees cry so unpleasantly ... ". Oblomov offers Olga not to rush to announce the news of the wedding. When he finally parted with her, snow falls and thickly covers the fence, wattle fence, ridges in the garden. "The snow fell in flakes and thickly covered the ground." This landscape is also symbolic. The snow here seems to bury the possible happiness of the hero.

The landscape is simple and modest, painting a picture of the local cemetery at the end of the novel. Here the motif of the lilac branch reappears, which accompanied the hero at the culminating moments of his life. “What happened to Oblomov? Where is he? Where? - In the nearest cemetery, under a modest urn, his body rests between the bushes, in a lull. Lilac branches, planted by a friendly hand, doze over the grave, and the wormwood smells serenely. It seems that the angel of silence itself guards his sleep.

Thus, the pictures of nature in the novel are picturesque and varied. Through them, the author conveys his attitude to life, love, reveals the inner world and mood of the characters.

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - one of the most controversial literary heroes. Immediately after the release of the novel, Goncharov's contemporaries branded the protagonist as an inveterate sloth and a purely negative character. However, over time, the view of him has changed, although a complete rethinking of the image of Oblomov is yet to come.

In all the ups and downs of life that come his way, Oblomov takes the passive side. He walks away, turns away from reality. From all everyday joys and fears, deeds and news, he prefers to plunge into dreams, fantasies and ... sleep. Oblomov's dream is that best, ideal (for Oblomov) world into which he seeks to get.

Descriptively, Oblomov's dream represents his past, his childhood. Through a dream, we are shown the house - Oblomovka, the young years of the hero, his family and environment. Father - Ilya Ivanovich, a landowner, a kind man, even good-natured. Mother is a loving and affectionate, caring hostess. Numerous aunts and uncles, guests and distant relatives who fill the house.

All, without exception, people in Oblomovka are simple and kind, do not suffer from diseases of the soul, do not worry about the meaning of life. Everyone living in this “blessed land” is only interested in themselves and their own interests. " Happy people lived, thinking that it should not be otherwise, confident that all others live in exactly the same way and that it is a sin to live otherwise.

Nature is especially intoxicating in that region. It fully corresponds to the way of life of the people of Oblomovka. Summers are hot and stuffy, filled with the aroma of wormwood, winters are harsh and frosty, but predictable and constant. Spring comes in due time, generous warm rains, thunderstorms fall at the same time ... Everything in Oblomovka is clear, simple and somehow sincere. Even "the sky presses closer to the earth in order to hug it stronger, with love." What kind of character can be brought up in such a paradise?

(Little Ilyusha with a nanny in the vivid dreams of an adult Oblomov)

To understand a person - find out what he dreams about and what he dreams about. In this sense, Oblomov's dream vividly and exhaustively gives us the opportunity to get to know the hero. One can argue for a long time whether Oblomov's life was good, whether Oblomov's life was correct, but one thing remains unchanged. His soul. “A soul as pure as crystal” - this is how everyone who had the opportunity to look into the heart and soul of Oblomov remembers him. Stolz, Olga, Agafya Matveevna, Zakhar - until the end of their lives they keep a bright memory of their friend. So can a purely negative character evoke such feelings in different, dissimilar people?

Is the life shown to us in Oblomov's dream bad? To some, it will seem primitive and boring, someone will consider it the ideal of peaceful existence and being. Most people would probably lean towards the first category. Even the author seems to favor another, "active and fulfilling life", the one presented to us by Stoltz.

"The time will come, and vigorous steps will be heard .. - it is thousands of Stoltsev who will appear under Russian names, the old Oblomovka will leave." But then came, Goncharov's prediction came true and the time came when everyone became entrepreneurs and businessmen. But people are still looking for the meaning of life, they are also dissatisfied with what fate gives them. Only now the Oblomovs are not waiting for the Stolts, but the Stolts are looking for kind, sincere Oblomovs. When will they finally meet? When will they be able to combine their strengths and abilities in order to create not a dream, but a real, real, beneficial life?

Oblomov's dream is not an ideal, not the perfection of life, not the goal of being, to which one must strive. However, it is not necessary to deny it, to throw it out as unnecessary.

The first landscape appears before us in Oblomov's Dream. Pictures of nature here are given in the spirit of a poetic idyll. The main function of these landscapes is psychological, we find out in what conditions the main character grew up, how his character was formed, where he spent his childhood. The Oblomov estate is a “blessed corner”, a “wonderful land”, lost in the outback of Russia. Nature there does not strike us with luxury and pretentiousness - it is modest and unpretentious. There is no sea, high mountains, rocks and abysses, dense forests. The sky there huddles “closer ... to the earth ... like a parent’s reliable roof”, “the sun ... shines brightly and hotly for about six months ...”, the river runs “merrily”: it “spills into a wide pond, then“ strives with a quick thread ”, then barely "Crawls over rocks" The stars there "friendly" and "friendly" blink from heaven, the rain "gush briskly, plentifully, jump merrily, like large and hot tears of a suddenly overjoyed person", thunderstorms "are not terrible, but only beneficial."

In the scenes of love between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya, pictures of nature acquire a symbolic meaning. So, a lilac branch becomes a symbol of this nascent feeling. Here they are on the path. Olga plucks a lilac branch and gives it to Ilya. And in response, he notices that he loves lilies of the valley more, since they are closer to nature. Trust and understanding appear in their relationship - Oblomov is happy. And Goncharov compares his condition with a person's impression of an evening landscape. “Oblomov was in that state when a person had just watched the setting summer sun with his eyes and enjoyed its ruddy traces, not taking his eyes off the dawn, not looking back where the night comes from, thinking only about the return of warmth and light for tomorrow.”

When Oblomov begins to have doubts about the truth of Olga's feelings, this novel seems to him a monstrous mistake. And again the writer compares Ilya's feelings with natural phenomena. “What wind suddenly blew on Oblomov? What clouds did he inflict? Autumn pictures of nature intensify the atmosphere of the distance of the characters from each other. They can no longer meet so freely in the forest or parks. And here we note the plot-forming significance of the landscape. Here is one of the autumn landscapes: “The leaves flew around, everything is visible through and through; crows in the trees cry so unpleasantly ... ". Oblomov offers Olga not to rush to announce the news of the wedding. When he finally parted with her, snow falls and thickly covers the fence, wattle fence, ridges in the garden. "The snow fell in flakes and thickly covered the ground." This landscape is also symbolic. The snow here seems to bury the possible happiness of the hero.

Landscapes in the novel by A. I. Goncharov "Oblomov" have a special role in the plot. Nature reflects the state of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and the surrounding atmosphere.

So, in the episode of the protagonist's dream, the reader enters the world of serenity. There is no hassle and noise in Oblomovka. This special state of life in the village is reflected in nature. The author calls Oblomovka a corner blessed by God, where everything in nature is predictable, life goes on measuredly, there are never unexpected weather changes or "terrible storms", "destructions", "heavenly signs", "balls of fire", "sudden darkness".

Serene pictures of nature protect the peace and tranquility of the inhabitants of Oblomovka. Landscapes are devoid of romance and grandiosity: "A poet and a dreamer would not be satisfied even with the general appearance of this modest and unpretentious area." This is the most ordinary village with typical weather for Russia, characteristic landscapes: "There you need to look for fresh, dry air, filled - not with lemon and not with laurel, but simply with the smell of wormwood, pine and bird cherry ..." The inhabitants of Oblomovka live in their sleepy world. From childhood, Ilya was under the influence of poor nature and beautiful, kind, but overly caring parents. This, as well as the character of the hero, formed Oblomov's lazy, measured lifestyle. Thus, silence and imperturbable calm always reigned in Oblomovka, which was reflected in the main character.

Landscapes are also important in the relationship between Olga Ilmnskaya and Ilya Oblomov. During the first dates of these heroes, it was the lilac branch that united them, becoming a symbol of love. At the height of summer, Olga and Ilya's feelings become stronger. Love changes the heroes, they begin to notice the singing of birds, the smells of flowers. When Oblomov doubts Olga's feelings, the landscapes change from bright and colorful to gray and dull, even the lilacs fade. In autumn, the heroes move further apart. Nature sinks into hibernation, snow falls, falling asleep with flakes of Ilya Ilyich's happiness, plunging the hero into his usual drowsy state. The love of Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Oblomov begins in spring and ends in winter. The change of seasons symbolizes the changes in the relationships between the characters.

No less important is the landscape in the new love of the protagonist. The relationship between Agafya Matveevna and Ilya Oblomov was not tender and refined, like the past affection of the protagonist. Landscapes appear in the narrative much less frequently. Nature here is shown to be boring, non-picturesque, the characters do not even feel the change of seasons, which are equally sluggish and boring. The singing of birds, the fragrance of flowers are not described at all. If the house of Agafia and Ilya mentions animals or plants, then only in terms of food. Such a mundane description of nature at the everyday level speaks of the lack of tender attachment of the characters to each other. They only care about household chores.

At the end of the novel, A. I. Goncharov describes the landscape of the rural cemetery, where Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is buried. A lilac grows on the grave of the protagonist, planted by Andrey Stolz as a sign of friendship. The plant smells of wormwood - the smell of summer in Oblomovka, which is a paradise for Ilya Oblomov.

Thus, we see all the feelings and emotions of Oblomov through the state of nature at the most important moments of his life, so landscapes are of key importance in the novel.

Updated: 2017-11-16

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