Music for children. Biography of Haydn. Presentation on the topic "Franz Joseph Haydn" Presentation on the topic of the Haydn Symphony

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FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN 1732-1809

Austrian composer, representative of the Viennese classical school, one of the founders of such musical genres as the symphony and the string quartet. The creator of the melody, which later formed the basis of the anthems of Germany and Austria-Hungary.

House-Museum of J. Haydn

Parents, who were seriously fond of vocals and amateur music-making, discovered musical abilities in the boy and in 1737 sent him to relatives in the city of Hainburg-on-the-Danube, where Josef began to study choral singing and music. In 1740, Joseph was noticed by Georg von Reutter, director of the chapel of the Vienna Cathedral of St. Stephen. Reutter took the talented boy to the chapel, and he sang in the choir for nine years. In 1749, Josef's voice began to break, and he was kicked out of the choir.

In 1761, a fateful event occurred in Haydn's life - he became the second Kapellmeister at the court of the Esterhazy princes, one of the most influential and powerful aristocratic families of Austria-Hungary. The responsibilities of the bandmaster included composing music, directing the orchestra, playing chamber music in front of the patron and staging operas.

J. Haydn and W. Mozart In 1781, during his stay in Vienna, Haydn met and became friends with Mozart. He gave music lessons to Sigismund von Neukom, who later became his close friend.

In 1790, Prince Nikolai Esterhazy died, and his son and successor, Prince Anton, not being a music lover, disbanded the orchestra. In 1791 Haydn received a contract to work in England. Subsequently, he worked extensively in Austria and Great Britain. Two trips to London, where he wrote his best symphonies for Solomon's concerts, further strengthened Haydn's fame.

J. Haydn and Beethoven Then Haydn settled in Vienna, where he wrote his two famous oratorios: The Creation of the World and The Seasons. Passing through Bonn in 1792, he met the young Beethoven and took him on as an apprentice.

Austrian composer, representative of the Viennese classical school, one of the founders of such musical genres as the symphony and string quartet.

Christoph Willibald Gluck

Haydn's art is related in its style to Gluck's art, but the range of his images and concepts have their own characteristics. High tragedy, ancient stories that inspired Gluck are not his area. He is closer to the world of more ordinary images and feelings. The sublime beginning is not at all alien to Haydn, only he finds it not in the realm of tragedy. Serious reflection, poetic perception of life, the beauty of nature - all this becomes sublime in Haydn.

The next stage of Haydn's life is connected with the musical chapel at cathedral of st. Stephen in Vienna. Having received an invitation to become a chorister at the cathedral, the 8-year-old Haydn first came into contact with the richest artistic culture Austrian capital. The main musical wealth of Vienna is the most diverse folklore (the most important prerequisite for the formation of the classical school).

1749-1759 - early years independent living in Vienna

This 10th anniversary was the most difficult in Haydn's entire biography, especially at first. Without a roof over his head, without a penny in his pocket, he was extremely poor, wandering without a permanent shelter and doing odd jobs.

In 1759, on the recommendation of Furnberg, Haydn received his first permanent position - the position of bandmaster in the home orchestra of the Czech aristocrat, Count Morcin. For this orchestra was written Haydn's first symphony– D-dur in three parts. This was the beginning of the formation of the Viennese classical symphony. After 2 years, Mortsin, due to financial difficulties, dissolved the chapel, and Haydn signed a contract with the richest Hungarian magnate, an ardent admirer of music - Paul Anton Esterhazy.

Late period of creativity .

In 1790, Prince Miklos Esterhazy died, bequeathing Haydn a lifetime pension. His heir dissolved the chapel, retaining the title of Kapellmeister for Haydn. Having completely freed himself from the service, the composer was able to fulfill his old dream - to travel outside of Austria. In the 1790s he made 2 tours trips to London at the invitation of the organizer of the "Subscription Concerts" violinist I. P. Salomon (1791-92, 1794-95). The 12 "London" symphonies written on this occasion completed the development of this genre in the work of Haydn, approved the maturity of the Viennese classical symphony (somewhat earlier, in the late 1780s, Mozart's last 3 symphonies appeared). The English public was enthusiastic about Haydn's music. At Oxford he was awarded an honorary doctorate in music.

Haydn passed away in the midst of the Napoleonic campaigns, when the French troops had already occupied the capital of Austria. During the siege of Vienna, Haydn consoled his loved ones: "Don't be afraid, children, where Haydn is, nothing bad can happen" .

Franz Joseph Haydn

Haydn's house stands inside the quarter, in a lane that was once called Steingasse, and is now proudly called Haydngasse ("gasse" means "lane"). At the end of the 18th century, it was a suburb of Vienna - Gumpendorf, and life here was even quieter than now ... Haydn's house, bought by him with money earned from the Esterhazy princes. Entrance from the patio

The Haydn Museum is a small suite of rooms. Everything is modest: in his old age, Haydn lived here almost alone with a couple of servants who adored him, calling him not "master", but "our dear dad."

Baron Gottfried van Swieten is the librettist of J. Haydn's oratorios "The Seven Words of the Savior on the Cross", "The Creation of the World" and "The Seasons". composer and theorist Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, friend of Haydn, Mozart and van Swieten, teacher of Beethoven and many Viennese musicians of his time. Portrait of Haydn by I. Zitterer

One of the business cards of the old Haydn. When, in 1803, due to nervous exhaustion, he stopped writing music and very rarely appeared in public, he ordered business cards to be made with a quote from his song "The Old Man": "All my strength has run out; I am old and weak" ... - Joseph Haydn.

slide 2

Franz Joseph Haydn(1732 - 1809)

great Austrian composer,
representative of the Vienna Classical School,
one of the founders of the symphony and the string quartet.

slide 3

Lower Austria - the birthplace of Haydn

Joseph Haydn (the composer himself never named himself Franz) was born on March 31, 1732 in the Lower Austrian village of Rorau in the family of Matthias Haydn (1699-1763).

slide 4

Hainburg an der Donau

His parents were seriously interested in vocals and music.
They discovered musical abilities in their son.
At the age of 5, he arrived with relatives in the city of Hainburg an der Donau.
There Josef began to study choral singing and music.

slide 5

Studying in Vienna

When Josef was 7 years old, Kapellmeister von Reuter, passing through Hainburg, accidentally heard his voice.
He took the boy with him and placed him in the chapel of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
There Haydn studied singing, playing the harpsichord and the violin.

slide 6

Youth

Until the age of 18, he performed soprano parts with great success, and not only in the cathedral, but also at court.
He took part in the funeral of Antonio Vivaldi in 1741.
At the age of 17, Josef's voice began to break, and he was kicked out of the choir.

Slide 7

Difficult decade

Haydn filled in the gaps in his musical education.
He studied composition theory diligently.
He wrote sonatas for harpsichord.
His first major works were
two masses brevis, F-dur and G-dur,
the opera Lame Demon (not preserved);
about a dozen quartets (1755),
first symphony (1759).

Slide 8

Haydn conducts a string quartet

In 1759, the composer received the post of bandmaster at the court of Count Karl von Morzin.
For his orchestra, the composer composed his first symphonies.
Haydn is one of the founders of the symphony and the string quartet.

Slide 9

Service at Esterhazy. Friendship with Mozart

In 1761 he became the second Kapellmeister at the court of the Esterhazy princes, the most influential and powerful aristocratic families in Austria.
- The duties of the bandmaster included
* composing music
* directing an orchestra
* chamber music playing in front of the patron
* and staging operas.
- Over a 30-year career at the court of Esterhazy, the composer composed a large number of works, his fame is growing. In 1781, during a stay in Vienna, Haydn met and became friends with Mozart.

Slide 10

Free musician again. Introduction to Beethoven

In 1790, Prince Nikolai Esterhazy died, and his son, not being a music lover, disbanded the orchestra.
In 1791 Haydn received a contract to work in England.
Subsequently, he worked extensively in Austria and Great Britain.
Two trips to London, where he wrote his best symphonies for Solomon's concerts, further strengthened Haydn's fame.
Passing through Bonn in 1792, he met the young Beethoven and took him on as an apprentice.

slide 11

"World creation"

Haydn tried his hand at all kinds of musical composition. In the field of instrumental music, he is considered one of the greatest composers of the second half of the 18th and early XIX centuries. Haydn's greatness as a composer was manifested to the maximum in his two final works: the great oratorios - The Creation of the World (1798) and The Seasons (1801).

slide 12

"The Seasons" (1801)

The oratorio "The Seasons" can serve as an exemplary standard of musical classicism.
Work on oratorios undermined the strength of the composer.
His last works were Harmoniemesse (1802) and an unfinished string quartet op. 103 (1802).
The last sketches date back to 1806, after which date Haydn did not write anything.

slide 13

Business card of old Haydn

When, in 1803, due to nervous exhaustion, he stopped writing music and very rarely appeared in public, he ordered business cards to be made with a quote from his song "The Old Man": "All my strength has run out; I am old and weak" ... - Joseph Haydn.

(1732 – 1809)

great Austrian composer,
representative of the Vienna Classical School,
one of the founders of the symphony and the string quartet.

Lower Austria - Haydn's birthplace

Joseph Haydn(the composer himself never called himself by the name Franz) born March 31, 1732

in a lower austrian village Rorau in family Matthias Haydn (1699-1763).

His parents were seriously interested in vocals and music.
They discovered musical abilities in their son.
At the age of 5, he arrived with relatives in the city of Hainburg an der Donau.
There Josef began to study choral singing and music.

Studying in Vienna

When Joseph was 7 years old, Kapellmeister von Reuther, passing through Hainburg, accidentally heard his voice.
He took the boy with him and placed him in the chapel of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna.
There Haydn studied singing, playing the harpsichord and the violin.

French

harpsichord

17th century

Youth

Before 18 For years, he performed soprano parts with great success, and not only in the cathedral, but also at court.
He took part in the funeral of Antonio Vivaldi in 1741.
At the age of 17, Josef's voice began to break, and he was kicked out of the choir.

Haydn filled in the gaps in his musical education.
He studied composition theory diligently.
He wrote sonatas for harpsichord.
His first major works were

two brevis masses, F-dur and G-dur, the opera Lame Demon (not preserved); about a dozen quartets (1755), the first symphony (1759).
two masses brevis, F-dur and G-dur,
the opera Lame Demon (not preserved);
about a dozen quartets (1755),
first symphony (1759).

Haydn conducts a string quartet

In 1759, the composer received the post of bandmaster at the court of Count Karl von Morzin.
For his orchestra, the composer composed his first symphonies.
Haydn is one of the founders of the symphony and the string quartet.

Service at Esterhazy. Friendship with Mozart

In 1761 he became the second Kapellmeister at the court of the Esterhazy princes, the most influential and powerful aristocratic families in Austria.

The duties of the bandmaster included

composing music, directing an orchestra, playing chamber music in front of a patron and staging operas.
composing music,
orchestra leadership,
chamber music in front of the patron
and staging operas.

During a 30-year career at the court of Esterhazy, the composer composed a large number of works, his fame is growing. In 1781, during a stay in Vienna, Haydn met and became friends with Mozart.

Free musician again. Introduction to Beethoven.

In 1790, Prince Nikolai Esterhazy died, and his son, not being a music lover, disbanded the orchestra.
In 1791 Haydn received a contract to work in England.
Subsequently, he worked extensively in Austria and Great Britain.
Two trips to London, where he wrote his best symphonies for Solomon's concerts, further strengthened Haydn's fame.
Passing through Bonn in 1792, he met the young Beethoven and took him on as an apprentice.

"World creation"

Haydn tried his hand at all kinds of musical composition. In the field of instrumental music, he is considered one of the greatest composers of the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. Haydn's greatness as a composer was manifested to the maximum in his two final works: the great oratorios - The Creation of the World (1798) and The Seasons (1801).

The oratorio "The Seasons" can serve as an exemplary standard of musical classicism.
Work on oratorios undermined the strength of the composer.
His last works were Harmoniemesse (1802) and an unfinished string quartet op. 103 (1802).
The last sketches date back to 1806, after which date Haydn did not write anything.

Business card of old Haydn

When, in 1803, due to nervous exhaustion, he stopped writing music and very rarely appeared in public, he ordered business cards to be made with a quote from his song "The Old Man": " All my strength is exhausted; I am old and weak"... - Joseph Haydn.

Vein. Monument to Haydn

The composer died in Vienna on May 31, 1809.

Vein. There is a church on the Mariahilferstrasse shopping street itself. And in front of the church is a monument to Haydn.

Vein. Haydn's house

The house of Haydn himself stands inside the quarter, in a lane that was once called Steingasse, and is now proudly called Haydngasse ("gasse" means "lane"). At the end of the 18th century it was a suburb of Vienna - Gumpendorf, and life here was even quieter than now. The gray house, marked with flags, is the house of Haydn, bought by him for honest earnings from the princes of Esterhazy.

104 symphonies,
83 string quartets,
52 clavier sonatas,
24 operas,
14 masses
several oratorios

1 slide: portrait of Haydn - http://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/3207/mozartwa.4/0_1e3d0_4333d24_XL

Slide 2: Haydn's portrait - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Haydnportrait.jpg

3 slide: house in the homeland of Haydn - http://im3-tub-ru.yandex.net/i?id=73717609-45-72&n=21

Slide 4: Hainburg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Hainburg_donau_austria_1900.jpg/789px-Hainburg_donau_austria_1900.jpg

Slide 5: harpsichord - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Clavecin_français.jpg

6 slide: portrait of Vivaldi - http://www.aveclassics.net/_ph/1/2/39482788.jpg

Slide 8: Haydn conducts a string quartet - http://www.uaculture.com/Music/Images1/Berezen/_ w/classics_jpg.jpg

Slide 9: portrait of Mozart - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart_1.jpg/408px-Wolfgang-amadeus-mozart_1.jpg