Johann Sebastian Bach is one of the greatest composers in the history of music, was born on March 21, 1685 in the small German town of Eisenach Johann Sebastian Bach is one of the greatest composers in the history of music, was born on March 21, 1685 in the small German town of Eisenach
Johann Sebastian Bach was the youngest, eighth child in the family of the musician Johann Ambrosius Bach. Many ancestors of Johann Sebastian were professional musicians Johann Sebastian Bach was the youngest, eighth child in the family of musician Johann Ambrosius Bach. Many of Johann Sebastian's ancestors were professional musicians
When Johann Sebastian was 9 years old, his mother died. The boy was taken to his older brother, Johann Christoph, he taught him to play the organ and clavier. Johann Sebastian was very fond of music and did not miss the opportunity to study it or study new works. Organ Clavier
At the age of 15, Bach moved to Lüneburg, where he studied at the St. Michael Bach's personal seal Bach's manuscript
In Köthen (1717 - 1723) Bach served as bandmaster at the court of the Prince of Köthen, where there was no organ. Therefore, Bach wrote mainly clavier and orchestral music. The composer's duties included directing a small orchestra, accompanying the prince's singing and entertaining him by playing the clavier. Without difficulty, coping with their duties, Bach is everything free time gave to creativity. In Köthen (1717 - 1723) Bach served as bandmaster at the court of the Prince of Köthen, where there was no organ. Therefore, Bach wrote mainly clavier and orchestral music. The composer's duties included directing a small orchestra, accompanying the prince's singing and entertaining him by playing the clavier. Without difficulty, coping with his duties, Bach devoted all his free time to creativity.
In 1977, the Voyager spacecraft was launched, carrying a golden disk of Bach's music on board. The first sounds representing humanity to other extraterrestrial civilizations will be "Brandenburg Concerto 2" by J.S. Bach In 1977, the Voyager spacecraft was launched, carrying a golden disk of Bach's music on board. The first sounds representing humanity to other extraterrestrial civilizations will be "Brandenburg Concerto 2" by J.S. Bach
From an early age, Bach felt his vocation in the organ field, tirelessly studied the art of organ improvisation, which was the basis of his composing skills. As a child, in his native Eisenach, he listened to his uncle play the organ, and then, in Ohrdruf, to his brother. In Arnstadt, Bach himself began to work as an organist, and undoubtedly already there he tried to compose for the organ, although his choral adaptations, which embarrassed the Arnstadt parishioners with their unusualness, have not reached us. As an organist, the composer also served in Weimar, where his original organ style was fully formed. As you know, it was during the Weimar years that exceptional activity in the field of Bach's organ creativity took place - most of the organ compositions were created: Toccata and fugue d-moll, Toccata, adagio and fugue C-dur, Prelude and fugue a-moll, Fantasia and fugue g-moll , Passacaglia c-moll and many others. Even when, due to circumstances, the composer switched to another job, he did not part with a portable - a portable organ. It should not be forgotten that Bach's oratorios, cantatas, passions sounded in the church accompanied by the organ. It was through the organ that Bach was known to his contemporaries. In organ improvisations, he reached the highest perfection, shocking everyone who could hear him. The famous organist Jan Reinken, already in his declining years, having heard Bach play, said: “I thought that this art had died a long time ago, but now I see that it lives in you!”
Bach Johann Sebastian (), German composer and organist. Born March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, where his father held the position of court musician. Having lost his parents early (Bach was not even ten years old), the boy moved to Ohrdruf to his older brother Johann Christoph, from whom he studied music. By the age of 17, he played the violin, viola, clavier and organ, and sang in the choir. Bach was invited to Weimar to serve as a musician at court. This invitation was the beginning of his career, which ended in the position of cantor (choir conductor, organist and composer of sacred music) in the Church of St. Thomas in Leipzig (since 1723). Bach Johann Sebastian (), German composer and organist. Born March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, where his father held the position of court musician. Having lost his parents early (Bach was not even ten years old), the boy moved to Ohrdruf to his older brother Johann Christoph, from whom he studied music. By the age of 17, he played the violin, viola, clavier and organ, and sang in the choir. Bach was invited to Weimar to serve as a musician at court. This invitation was the beginning of his career, which ended in the position of cantor (choir conductor, organist and composer of sacred music) in the Church of St. Thomas in Leipzig (since 1723).
Interest in Bach's music arose almost a hundred years after his death: in 1829, under the baton of the German composer Mendelssohn, it was publicly performed greatest work Bach - Matthew Passion. For the first time - in Germany - the complete collection of Bach's works was published. And musicians all over the world play Bach's music, marveling at its beauty and inspiration, mastery and perfection. "Not a stream! - The sea must be his name," said the great Beethoven about Bach. Bach's ancestors have long been famous for their musicality. It is known that the composer's great-great-grandfather, a baker by profession, played the zither. Flutists, trumpeters, organists, violinists came out of the Bach family. In the end, every musician in Germany began to be called Bach and every Bach a musician.
Liturgical works in Latin (232243a) BWV 232 Mass in B minor BWV 233 Mass in F major BWV 233a Kyrie in F major ( alternative version BWV 233) BWV 234 Mass in A major BWV 235 Mass in G minor BWV 236 Mass in G major BWV 237 Sanctus in C major BWV 238 Sanctus in D major BWV 239 Sanctus in D minor BWV 240 Sanctus in G major BWV 241 Sanctus in D major superba) BWV 242 Christe Eleison in G minor BWV 243 Magnificat in D major BWV 243a Magnificat in E flat major (an earlier version of BWV 243) Passions and oratorios (244249) BWV 244 Matthew Passion BWV 244a Klagt, Kinder, klagt es aller Welt (mourning cantata after Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Köthen) BWV 244b Matthew Passion (early version) BWV 245 John Passion BWV 245a Himmel reisse, Welt erbebe (aria from the second version of the John Passion) BWV 245b Zerschmettert mich, ihr Felsen und ihr Hügel (aria from the second version of the Passion according to John) BWV 245c Ach, windet euch nicht so, geplagte Seelen (aria from the second version of the Passion according to John) BWV 246 Passion according to Luke (wrong, author unknown) BWV 247 Passion according to Mark (libretto preserved, but the music is almost completely lost) BWV 248 Christmas Oratorio BWV 249 Easter Oratorio
Presentation on music on the topic: “My favorite composer is a classic” a 7th grade student “A” Brutyan Yunik worked on the presentation
Biography. Johann Sebastian Bach was the youngest, eighth child in the family of musician Johann Ambrosius Bach and Elisabeth Lemmerhirt. The Bach family has been known for its musicality since the beginning of the 16th century: many of Johann Sebastian's ancestors and relatives were professional musicians. During this period, the Church, local authorities and the aristocracy supported the musicians, especially in Thuringia and Saxony. Bach's father lived and worked in Eisenach. At that time, the city had about 6,000 inhabitants. The work of Johann Ambrosius included organizing secular concerts and performing church music. When Johann Sebastian was 9 years old, his mother died, and a year later his father died. The boy was taken in by his older brother, Johann Christoph.
Creation. Bach wrote over 1000 pieces of music. Bach wrote music for various instruments, both spiritual and secular. Some of Bach's works are adaptations of works by other composers, and some are revised versions of their own works. Organ music in Germany by the time of Bach already had a long tradition, developed thanks to Bach's predecessors, each of whom influenced him in his own way. During his life, Bach was best known as a first-class organist, teacher and composer of organ music. He worked both in the "free" genres traditional for that time, such as prelude, fantasy, toccata, passacaglia, and in more strict forms - chorale prelude. In his works for organ, Bach skillfully combined the features of different musical styles with which he became acquainted throughout his life.
Fate in Bach's Music. IN last years life and after the death of Bach, his fame as a composer began to decline: his style was considered old-fashioned compared to the burgeoning classicism. He was more known and remembered as a performer, teacher and father of the Bachs Jr., primarily Carl Philipp Emmanuel, whose music was more famous. However, many major composers such as Mozart and Beethoven knew and loved the work of Johann Sebastian. In Russia early XIX century, as connoisseurs and performers of Bach's music, Field's student Maria Shimanovskaya and Alexander Griboedov stand out. For example, when visiting the St. Thomas School, Mozart heard one of the motets and exclaimed: “There is a lot to learn here!” - after which, asking for notes, he studied them for a long time and rapturously. Beethoven greatly appreciated Bach's music. As a child, he played preludes and fugues from the Well-Tempered Clavier, and later called Bach "the true father of harmony" and said that "not the Stream, but the Sea is his name."
The works of Johann Sebastian have influenced many composers. Some themes from Bach's works, such as the theme of the toccata and fugue in D minor, were repeatedly used in the music of the 20th century. A biography written in 1802 by Johann Nikolaus Forkel spurred the general public's interest in his music. All more people discover his music. For example, Goethe, who became acquainted with his works quite late in his life, in a letter of 1827 compared the feeling of Bach's music with "eternal harmony in a dialogue with oneself." But the real renaissance of Bach's music began with the 1829 performance of the St. Matthew Passion in Berlin, organized by Felix Mendelssohn.
Bach's works. I. Vocal works: Cantatas; Motets; Liturgical works in Latin; Passions and oratorios; secular cantatas; Chorales; Songs and arias; Songs; Quadlibet;
II. Organ works: 1. Trio sonatas for organ; 2. Preludes and fugues, toccatas and fugues, fantasies and fugues for organ; 3. Passacaglia and fugue in C minor for organ; 4. Trio and other works for organ; 5. Concertos for organ; 6. Various chorale preludes; III. Concertos and suites for orchestra: 1. Violin concertos; 2. Brandenburg concerts; 3. Concerts for harpsichords; 4. Suites for orchestra.
Music fragments. - BWV 59 - Wir mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten - BWV 171 - Gott, wie dein Name, so ist auch dein Ruhm - BWV 140; I. Coro - Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme
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Johann Sebastian Bach.
Completed by a student: 5a grade Dolgorukova Anna
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Johann Sebastian Bach German composer and organist. Born March 21, 1685 in Eisenach, where his father held the position of court musician. Having lost his parents early (Bach was not even ten years old), the boy moved to Ohrdruf to his older brother Johann Christoph, from whom he studied music.
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By the age of 17, he played the violin, viola, clavier and organ, and sang in the choir. Bach was invited to Weimar to serve as a musician at court. This invitation was the beginning of his career, ending in the position of cantor (choir conductor, organist and composer of sacred music) at St. Thomas Church in Leipzig. Bach's creative legacy is enormous. He created works in all genres known at that time, except for opera: oratorios, cantatas, masses, motets, music for organ, violin and piano.
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In Weimar, where there was a fine organ, Bach wrote a series of organ toccatas. In Leipzig, he had to perform a new cantata at every Sunday church service. Thus, he became the author of 265 cantatas (five annual cycles). In addition to the spiritual, he wrote secular cantatas (“Coffee”, “Peasant”, etc.). Bach brought the polyphonic genre of the fugue to perfection: in his Well-Tempered Clavier (1722-1744), separate preludes and fugues correspond to each key. The Art of Fugue cycle, on which Bach worked for the last ten years of his life, presents works that develop - each time in a unique way - the same theme.
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Bach brought the polyphonic genre of the fugue to perfection: in his Well-Tempered Clavier, each key corresponds to a separate prelude and fugue. The Art of Fugue cycle, on which Bach worked for the last ten years of his life, presents works that develop - each time in a unique way - the same theme. The peaks of vocal and instrumental music were the compositions "Passion for John", "Passion for Matthew", as well as "High Mass in B Minor". He died on July 28, 1750 in Leipzig, where he lived permanently from the moment he moved there. Contemporaries appreciated the work of Bach, but the scale of his talent was realized only half a century after the death of the composer.
In Weimar (1708 - 1717) Bach served as city organist. The years of life here became a time of intense creativity, in which the main place belonged to compositions for the organ: reludes, fugues, chorales, arias.
The very word "polyphony", translated from Greek meaning "polyphony", and such polyphony, in which each voice is equally important and leads its own expressive melody.
Toccata and Fugue in D minor
Toccata (Touch) is a polyphonic piece of virtuoso character.
Fugue (running) is the highest form of polyphonic music, in which one musical theme sounds successively in different voices, "the conversation of voices."
In Köthen (1717 - 1723) Bach served as bandmaster at the court of the Prince of Köthen, where there was no organ. Therefore, Bach wrote mainly clavier and orchestral music. The composer's duties included directing a small orchestra, accompanying the prince's singing and entertaining him by playing the clavier. Without difficulty, coping with his duties, Bach devoted all his free time to creativity.
Instrumental music: Suites, concerts, XTC
- A suite is a series of pieces of general content.
- Concert (competition) is musical composition for soloist and orchestra, in which the soloist, as it were, competes with the orchestra
- HTK - Well-Tempered Clavier - a collection of pieces for clavier
- Scherzo is a joke, light, virtuoso piece
In Leipzig (1723 - 1750) Bach took the position of cantor (choir director) of the singing school at the church of St. Thomas. Bach was obliged to serve the main churches of the city with the help of the school and be responsible for the state and quality of church music. In Leipzig, Bach created his best vocal and instrumental compositions: cantatas, oratorios.
Vocal and dramatic music: masses, oratorios, cantatas,
Passions are works for choir, soloists and organ that sound during church services and on holidays (Christmas, Easter).
Bach's talent was not limited to composition alone. He was the best organ and harpsichord player among his contemporaries.
This was forced to admit even his rivals. Bach in German means “stream”, They said about Bach that he is not a stream, but a sea-ocean!
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"Lesson-presentation "Johann Sebastian Bach""
J.S. Bach
1685-1750
N.N. Ushakov "Johann Sebastian Bach":
I love Bach...
Well, how can I tell you
not that today there is no music,
but such a pure crystal
grace has not yet appeared to us.
What balance of passions
what a comprehensive conscience,
what an amazing story
about abandoned
in centuries
my soul!
Johann Sebastian Bach was born
in Germany, in the city of Eisenach
Wrote over 1000 works:
Organ music.
Vocal and dramatic music.
Instrumental music.
City of Weimar. Organ period
In Weimar (1708 – 1717) Bach served as a city organist .
The years of life here became a time of intense creativity, in which the main place belonged to compositions for organ
Organ
Preludes, fugues, chorales, arias
Toccata and fugue
D minor
Toccata (touch) is a polyphonic piece of virtuoso character
Fugue (run) is the highest form of polyphonic music,
in which the same musical theme is heard successively in different voices, " conversation of voices »
City of Köthen. instrumental period
In Köthen (1717 – 1723)
Bach served bandmaster at court Prince of Köthen, where there was no organ.
Therefore, Bach wrote mainly clavier And orchestral music .
The composer's duties included directing a small orchestra, accompanying the prince's singing and entertaining him by playing the clavier.
Without difficulty, coping with his duties, Bach devoted all his free time to creativity.
Instrumental music:
Suites, concerts, HTC
Suite- These are several plays of general content.
Concert(competition) is a piece of music for a soloist and an orchestra, in which the soloist, as it were, competes with the orchestra
HTK– The Well-Tempered Clavier – a collection of pieces for the clavier
Scherzo- joke, light, virtuoso piece
Leipzig. Cantata-oratorio period
In Leipzig (1723 – 1750)
Bach took over cantor (choir leader) singing school at the church of St. Thomas.
Bach was obliged to serve the main churches of the city with the help of the school and be responsible for the state and quality of church music.
In Leipzig, Bach created his best vocal-instrumental compositions: cantatas, oratorios
Vocal and dramatic music:
masses, oratorios, cantatas, Passions -
these are works for choir, soloists and organ,
sounding during church services and
on holidays
(Christmas, Easter).
Confession
Bach's talent was not limited to composition alone. He was the best among his contemporaries organ and harpsichord player .
And if, as a composer, Bach did not receive recognition during his lifetime, then in improvisations behind the organ his skill was unsurpassed.
This was forced to admit even his rivals.
Bach means "stream" in German.
They said about Bach that he was not a stream,
and the sea ocean !
- http://classic.chubrik.ru/Bach/WTC1_Richter.html ;
- http://bach.su/tags/;
- http://www.melomans.ru
- http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki
