Technological map of the lesson
Information about the teacher: Frolova Olga Filippovna, the first category, declared - the highest, MBOU Lyalshurskaya secondary school, Sharkansky district, Udmurt Republic
Subject: Russian literature
Textbook (UMK):
Lesson topic: N. V. Gogol. "The Inspector General" as a social comedy "with anger and salt." The history of the creation of comedyii and herfirst staging. "Inspector" in the assessment of contemporaries
Type of lesson: lesson learning new material.
Equipment: computer, projector, screen;
Characteristics of learning opportunities and previous achievements of students in the class for which the lesson is being designed:
Students own
subject UUD:
recognize the concepts of "epic, dramatic, lyrical work";
Regulatory UUD:
cognitive UUD:
communicative UUD:
use adequately speech means to solve various communication problems; speak orally and in writing; build a monologue contextual statement
personal UUD:
Lesson objectives as planned learning outcomes, planned level of achievement of goals:
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Type of planned learning activities |
Learning activities |
Planned level of achievement of learning outcomes |
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subject |
Acquaintance with the history of the creation of the comedy "The Government Inspector" and its first production; Ability to use knowledge of features dramatic work in practice |
Level 3 - knowledge reproduction |
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Regulatory |
Formulate questions on their own Plan their own activities, determine the means for its implementation |
Level 3 - independent action of students based on the learned algorithm of actions |
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cognitive |
Level 3 - build logical reasoning, including the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships |
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Communicative |
Level 3 - build a monologue statement, adequately use speech means to solve various communicative tasks. |
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Personal |
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Lesson stage, stage time |
Stage tasks |
Methods, teaching techniques |
Forms of educational interaction |
Teacher activity |
Student activities |
Formed UUD and substantive actions |
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Motivational-target stage |
Provide emotional experience and awareness by students of the incompleteness of existing knowledge; To arouse cognitive interest in the problem; Organize independent problem formulation and goal setting |
Crossword (interactive whiteboard) according to the laptop program. Creating a Problem Situation of Doubt |
Frontal Collective |
Encourages children to remember Gogol's work by solving a crossword puzzle. Vocabulary: who is auditor? How does this word relate to the writer's work? Reports that the writer has succeeded in yet another genre of literature and invites you to consider and justify the answer to question: in what genre, lyrical or dramatic, did N.V. Gogol succeed? When did Gogol's interest in the theater arise? What facts of the writer's biography speak about his interest in the theater? Informs the topic of the lesson, writes on the board “Comedy by N.V. Gogol“ The Inspector General ”and proposes to formulate the problem of the lesson. What problem is posed in a dramatic work? |
Guess the crossword write the word "Auditor". Suggested answer: the auditor is an official who conducts an audit (verification). Expressing your views on the issue orally. Formulate questions to be answered during the lesson. Write the topic of the lesson in a notebook. |
Subject UUD: reproduce knowledge orally. Communicative UUD: expressing and justifying your point of view. Personal UUD: be aware of the incompleteness of knowledge, show interest in new content. Regulatory UUD: determine and realize the goals of educational activities. |
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indicative stage |
Organize independent planning and selection of research methods from those already known to students |
group |
He suggests thinking about what tasks we need to set for ourselves, given that this is the first lesson on the work. Make a lesson plan. |
They discuss in groups and name the research methods known to them, determine the sequence of actions. 1. The history of the creation of comedy. 2. The first production of the comedy, the responses of contemporaries, the impressions of the author himself. 3. Features of a dramatic work. 4. First acquaintance with the text of the work. |
Regulatory UUD: plan ways to achieve goals; Communicative UUD: take into account different opinions and strive to coordinate various positions in cooperation; Cognitive UUD: to choose the most effective ways to solve problems depending on specific conditions Personal UUD: the ability to conduct a dialogue based on equal relations and mutual respect and acceptance |
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Search and research stage |
ABOUTorganization process independentcomprehension students of new material (missing knowledge). |
Reproductive teaching method. Oral communication, report |
Individual form. collective form. |
Offers to listen to the messages and make notes in a notebook. 1. The message "The history of the comedy" The Inspector General ". 2. The message "The first production of the comedy" Inspector General ". 3. Why is it important to know about the features of a dramatic work? (To understand the work, its content and main idea, i.e. conflict) What helps to learn about the hero of the play, to characterize him? (Speech of the hero, intonation, remarks of other heroes about him, gestures, facial expressions, remarks). |
The student makes a report on the topic "The history of the comedy" The Inspector General ". Students listen and take notes in their notebooks. Answer the teacher's questions. |
Communicative UUD: build a monologue contextual statement Cognitive UUD: to carry out an extended search for information using the resources of libraries and the Internet; |
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Practical stage |
Preparation for the perception of the work, arousing interest in reading the comedy "The Government Inspector" ABOUTorganization action anchoring knowledge about the features of a dramatic work in the process of solving specific practical problems |
group form |
Tasks by groups: 1. Read the "Characters" page. How many characters are in the play? What social position do they occupy? What does it say? What are the characters' names about? 2. Characters and costumes. Have you met in any play a similar description by the author of his characters? Why do you think the author needed this? 3. Read the first lines of the first phenomenon. What is the role played by the first phrase of the comedy? What is the role of the passage in compositional structure works? (tie). Create an imaginary mise-en-scene. Think over how you would position the characters at a certain moment of the action, imagine their position, facial expressions, gestures, movements. |
Communicative UUD: adequately use speech means to solve various communicative tasks; own oral speech; build a monologue contextual statement; Cognitive UUD: master the basics of learning reading. |
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Reflective-evaluative stage |
Aanalysis schoolchildren's own action identifying successes and shortcomings in the work, program definition subsequent corrective actions (to eliminate deficiencies) and cognitive actions (to "build up" knowledge). |
Individual or group |
So, let's draw conclusions from the lesson. I remembered… I found out…. I could not get… I will have to… |
Communicative UUD: to carry out communicative reflection as an awareness of the grounds for one's own actions and the actions of a partner Regulatory UUD: independently set new learning goals and objectives |
The plot of the comedy "The Government Inspector", as well as the plot of the immortal poem " Dead Souls", was presented to Gogol by A. S. Pushkin. Gogol had long dreamed of writing a comedy about Russia, to ridicule the shortcomings of the bureaucratic system, which are so well known to every Russian person. Work on the comedy so fascinated and captured the writer that in a letter to Pogodin he wrote: "I obsessed with comedy." In The Inspector General, Gogol skillfully combines "truth" and "malice", that is, realism and bold, merciless criticism of reality. With the help of laughter, merciless satire, Gogol denounces such vices of Russian reality as servility, corruption, arbitrariness of the authorities , ignorance and bad upbringing.
In Theatrical Journey, Gogol wrote that in modern drama, action is driven not by love, but by money capital and "electric power." "Electricity rank" and gave rise to that tragicomic situation of general fear of a false auditor.
The comedy "The Inspector General" presents a whole "corporation of various service thieves and robbers" blissfully existing in the county town N.
When describing the world of bribe-takers and embezzlers, Gogol used the series artistic techniques, which enhance the characteristics of the characters.
Having opened the very first page of the comedy and found out that, for example, the name of a private bailiff is Ukhovertov, and the district doctor is Gibner, we get, in general, a fairly complete picture of these characters and the author’s attitude towards them. In addition, Gogol gave critical characteristics of each of the main actors. These characteristics help to better understand the essence of each character. Mayor: “Although a bribe taker, he behaves very respectably”, Anna Andreevna: “Half brought up on novels and albums, half on chores in her pantry and maiden room”, Khlestakov: “Without a king in his head. He speaks and acts without any consideration” , Osip: "Servant, such as servants of a few older years usually are", Lyapkin-Tyapkin: "A person who has read five or six books, and therefore is somewhat freethinking." Postmaster: "A simple-minded man to the point of naivety."
Bright portrait characteristics are also given in Khlestakov's letters to his friend in St. Petersburg. So, speaking of Strawberry, Khlestakov calls the trustee of charitable institutions "a perfect pig in a yarmulke."
The main literary device used by N.V. Gogol in the comic depiction of an official is hyperbole. As an example of the application of this technique, the author can also name Christian Ivanovich Gibner, who is not even able to communicate with his patients due to complete ignorance of the Russian language, and Ammos Fedorovich with the postmaster, who decided that the arrival of the auditor foreshadows the coming war. At first, the plot of the comedy itself is hyperbolic, but as the plot action develops, starting with the scene of Khlestakov's story about his life in St. Petersburg, the hyperbole is replaced by the grotesque. Blinded by fear for their future, officials and clutching at Khlestakov like a straw, the city merchants and the townsfolk are not able to appreciate all the absurdity of what is happening, and the absurdities pile up one on top of the other: here is the non-commissioned officer who "whipped herself", and Bobchinsky, asking to bring to the attention of His Imperial Majesty that "Pyotr Ivanovich Bobchinsky lives in such and such a city," etc.
The climax and the denouement immediately following it come abruptly, but
Gogol's skill had a great effect and in their creation and bright life characters are presented by Gogol in the images of the mayor's wife and daughter. Before us are typical provincial fashionistas, coquettes, coquettes. They are devoid of any social aspirations, ...
The Inspector General is a famous comedy by N.V. Gogol. Its events take place in a small county town. Ideological meaning comedy, indicated in the epigraph, is most clearly revealed in the images of officials. They are depicted as vicious, in general they represent one social ...
IN " dead souls ah" the theme of serfdom is intertwined with the theme of bureaucracy, bureaucratic arbitrariness and lawlessness. The guardians of order are in many ways related to the landowners. Gogol draws the attention of readers to this already in the first chapter of Dead Souls ....
In 1839, in an article about "Woe from Wit", condemning Griboedov's comedy "from an artistic point of view" (which, as he wrote in a letter to V.P. greeted the Inspector. His...
Gogol's poem with the mysterious title "Dead Souls" tells about Chichikov's fantastic scam - the purchase of audit souls. It is difficult for a modern reader, 160 years away from those events, to imagine what a revisionist soul is. According to the current...
Lesson number 27.
Date: 5.12
Lesson topic. N.V. Gogol. "The Government Inspector" is a social comedy "with anger and salt." The history of the comedy and its first production.
The purpose of the lesson: study Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector" and answer the question: what is a social comedy "with anger and salt"? About what "anger and salt" in question in comedy?
Lesson objectives:
Educational: to know the content of the comedy, its main characters.
Developing: be able to expressively read fragments of a work, transform into heroes, characterize heroes, see the shortcomings of each official, enter into a dialogue, build reasoning, work in groups.
Educators: educate the desire to fight everything “bad in Russia”.
Lesson type : improvement of knowledge, skills, abilities.
Used methods, techniques, forms : conversation, dramatization, role-playing game.
During the classes.
Org.moment.
Hello guys, sit down.
I want to start our lesson with an epigraph written on the board:
"I decided to collect in one
A bunch of everything bad in Russia, what I was then
Knew ... and at one time laugh at
Everyone ... Through laughter ... the reader heard
Sadness...".
(N. V. Gogol)
What work were these words about?
(N.V. Gogol said these words about the comedy "The Inspector General".)
- Right. Find the key words in the epigraph.
(bad in Russia, laughter)
- Choose synonyms for the word " bad".
bad - bad, ugly, ugly, bad, ugly, unpleasant, worthless.
- N.V. Gogol called his comedy - a comedy "with anger and salt."
- Why? (show the vices of society)
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Open your notebooks, write down the date and the topic of the lesson.
( The teacher writes the topic of the lesson on the blackboard
Formulation of the problem.
- Is it really possible to learn something from Gogol's officials?
I want you to have a desire after today's lesson to fight "everything bad in Russia."
Checking homework
- Let's hear a message about the conception and production of a comedy "with malice and salt" . ( Camilla)
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM QUESTION.
Gogol dreamed of a comedy "with malice and salt." He got her. What kind of “anger and salt” are we talking about in the work, we will try to answer this question during the lesson.
Solving a problem situation.
The class is divided into groups.
At the head of each institution are officials.
- Who are the officials and what is their role in the city ?
(“An official is a civil servant who has a rank, official rank.”)
writing in notebooks.
Judge
Artemy Filippovich Strawberry. Trustee of charitable institutions
Luka Lukich Khlopov. Superintendent of schools.
Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin. Postmaster.
Anton Antonovich Skvoznik- Dmukhanovsky. Mayor.
Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky, landowners.
On the tables are self-assessment sheets, task cards.
Each group must answer the questions :
Your attitude to the news of the arrival of the auditor.
What are your “sins”. What is the state of your affairs.
How officials try to hide the shortcomings of their work.
The teacher as auditor.
Dear judges headed by Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin, what is the state of your affairs at the time of the appearance of the auditor? (Student answers)
- Artemy Filippovich Strawberry, what is your state of affairs ?
What is the state of the schools?
- Ivan Kuzmich, how are things at the post office?
- Anton Antonovich, how do you cope with your duties and what advice do you give to officials?
Conclusion:
- What is the meaning of the mayor's advice and the intentions of each official ? (Officers do not want to correct mistakes, but are going to hide them, smooth them out)
4. Acquaintance with Khlestakov.
- Now we know how things are in the city N .
- Finally, it's time to get acquainted with Khlestakov, Osip will tell us about him . ( Timofeev Ivan)
Tell me, Khlestakov, what is he doing in this city?
(is in transit, lives in a tavern, he has no money)
5. Staged. Meeting of the mayor with Khlestakov. ( Davletov Almaz, Khusainov Iskander)
How did the meeting of the mayor with Khlestakov take place?
Conversation.
- How funny is this situation? ? (there is no understanding between the characters, they are afraid of each other)
- What is Khlestakov afraid of? ? (that he will be taken to jail)
- What is the mayor afraid of? ? (thinks that he was denounced, frightened by Khlestakov's behavior)
- What feeling drives them ? (fear)
Compiling a cluster:
Fear : 1) makes blind
2) makes deaf
3) deprives the mind
6. Game situation. Question answer.
The teacher in the role of Khlestakov.
- Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky, why did you decide that I was an auditor ? ( They talk, interrupting each other)
Because you are a young man of not bad appearance, dressed in a particular dress, you argue, you stopped in our city on your way from St. Petersburg to the Saratov province, according to the innkeeper you behaved strangely - they took everything to the account, you did not pay a penny. We noticed that you are an observant person. When we ate salmon, you just looked into our plates.
- Anton Antonovich, you were sure that a young man could be easily fooled. So why did you believe that I am the auditor?
I was frightened by your behavior when you said that you serve in St. Petersburg, that you would go and complain directly to the minister.
Summarizing. Problem solving.
- What did Gogol want to achieve by creating a comedy "with anger and salt "? (show the vices of society, shake human hearts with laughter)
- List these vices.
(irresponsibility, greed, fraud, bribery)
- What vices modern society can you name?
(greed, drug addiction, irresponsibility, alcoholism…)
- Is Gogol's comedy relevant today?
Reflection.
Essay-reasoning. (2-3 students read their reasoning)
- Is Gogol's comedy relevant today? Why?
What lesson can we learn for ourselves ?
(takes responsibility seriously)
- What are your current responsibilities? ? (fulfill homework acquire knowledge...)
Home .: pp. 296-312, characterize Khlestakov.
Estimates. Students complete and submit assessment sheets.
mayor(recovering a little and stretching his arms at his sides) . I wish you well!
Khlestakov(bows) . My regards…
mayor. Sorry.
Khlestakov. Nothing…
mayor. It is my duty, as the mayor of the city here, to see to it that there are no harassment to those passing by and to all noble people...
Khlestakov(At first he stutters a little, but by the end of the speech he speaks loudly) . Yes, what to do? It's not my fault... I'll really cry... They'll send me from the village.
Bobchinskypeeking out the door.
He is more to blame: he gives me beef as hard as a log; and the soup - the devil knows what he splashed there, I had to throw it out the window. He starves me all day long...
mayor(timid) . Sorry, I'm really not to blame. I always have good beef in the market. Kholmogory merchants bring them, sober people and good behavior. I don't know where he gets this from. And if something is wrong, then ... Let me suggest that you move with me to another apartment.
Khlestakov. No I do not want to! I know what it means to another apartment: that is, to prison. What right do you have? How dare you?.. Yes, here I am... I serve in St. Petersburg.(Cheers up.) I, I, I...
mayor(to the side) . Oh my God, you're so angry! I found out everything, the damned merchants told me everything!
Khlestakov(brave) . Yes, here you are even here with your whole team - I won’t go! I'm going straight to the minister!(Bangs his fist on the table.) What do you? What do you?
mayor(stretching and trembling all over) . Have mercy, do not lose! Wife, small children... don't make a person unhappy.
Khlestakov. No I do not want! Here's another? what do I care? Because you have a wife and children, I have to go to prison, that's fine!
mayor(trembling) . Inexperience, by golly, inexperience. Insufficiency of the state ... If you please, judge for yourself: the state salary is not enough even for tea and sugar. If there were any bribes, then just a little: something on the table and for a couple of dresses. As for the non-commissioned officer's widow, engaged in the merchant class, whom I allegedly flogged, this is slander, by God, slander. This was invented by my villains; These are such people that they are ready to encroach on my life.
Khlestakov. What? I don't care about them.(Thinking.) I don’t know, however, why you are talking about villains or some non-commissioned officer’s widow ... A non-commissioned officer’s wife is completely different, but you don’t dare to flog me, you are far from that ... Here it is! Look what you are!.. I will pay, I will pay money, but now I don't have any. I'm sitting here because I don't have a penny.
mayor(to the side) . Oh, subtle thing! Ek where tossed! what a fog! figure out who wants it! You don't know which side to take. What will be, will be, try at random.(Aloud.) If you definitely need money or something else, then I am ready to serve my minute. My duty is to help passers-by.
Khlestakov. Give, lend me! I'll pay off the innkeeper right now. I would only like two hundred rubles, or at least even less.
mayor(holding papers) . Exactly two hundred rubles, though don't bother counting.
Khlestakov(taking money) . Thank you very much. I will immediately send them to you from the village ... I see you noble man. Now it's different.
mayor(to the side) . Well, thank God! took the money. Things seem to be going well now.
Osip
The second month went, as already from St. Petersburg! Profited expensive money, my dear, now he sits and twisted his tail and does not get excited. You see, you need to show yourself in every city!(Teasing him.) "Hey, Osip, go look at the room, the best one, and ask for the best dinner: I can't eat a bad dinner, I need a better dinner." Kindness would really be something worthwhile, otherwise, after all, an elistratishka simple! He meets a passer-by, and then plays cards - so you finished your game! And it's all his fault. What will you do with it? Batiushka will send some money to hold on to - and where to go! And why? - because he is not engaged in business: instead of taking office, and he goes for a walk around the prefecture, he plays cards. If you serve, then serve..
Evaluation sheetParticipation in the discussion:
Participation in the dialogue:
Participation in scenes:
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Court
Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin .
charitable establishments
Artemy Filippovich Strawberry , trustee of charitable institutions
Educational establishments
Luka Lukich Khlopov. Superintendent of schools.
Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin, postmaster.
mayor
Anton Antonovich Skvoznik- Dmukhanovsky.
landowners
Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky.
What are your "sins"? What is the state of your affairs?
How do you try to hide the flaws in your work?
Formulate a problem?
(Let's try to figure out what "bad" Gogol showed in the comedy "with anger and salt", at which he laughs)
Formulate a problem?
(Let's try to figure out what "bad" Gogol showed in the comedy "with anger and salt", at which he laughs)
Gogol dreamed of a comedy "with malice and salt." The plot of the comedy "The Government Inspector" was suggested to Gogol by Pushkin. Treasury embezzlement and bribery were common in Russia at that time. With indignation and sarcasm, the writer revealed all the rot and abomination of people who embody power in the city. Wild arbitrariness, bribery, embezzlement, ignorance - these are the customs of the unknown city, into which Khlestakov accidentally brings.
On April 19, 1836, the first performance of The Government Inspector took place in St. Petersburg. The hall was full. In the hall was the king with his heir. At first, there was laughter in the hall. After the first act, bewilderment was on all faces. By the end of the performance, bewilderment turned into rage. Nicholas 1, leaving the box, said:
Well, a play! Everyone got it, but I - most of all!
Critics wrote that Gogol's comedy is a farce that has nothing to do with reality.
May 25, 1836 "Inspector" was staged in Moscow. The critic Belinsky welcomed this work.
In 1842, the famous exclamation of the mayor appeared: “What are you laughing at? You're laughing at yourself.", the silent scene was changed.
Lesson topic. N.V. Gogol. "The Government Inspector" is a social comedy "with anger and salt." The history of the comedy and its first production.
The purpose of the lesson: to study Gogol's comedy "the auditor" and answer the question: social comedy "with anger and salt" - what is it? What kind of "anger and salt" are we talking about in comedy?
Lesson objectives:
Educational: to know the content of the comedy, its main characters.
Developing: be able to expressively read fragments of a work, transform into heroes, characterize heroes, see the shortcomings of each official, enter into a dialogue, build reasoning, work in groups.
Educators: educate the desire to fight everything “bad in Russia”.
Type of lesson: improvement of knowledge, skills, abilities.
During the classes.
Org.moment.
I want to start our lesson with an epigraph written on the board:
"I decided to collect in one
a bunch of everything bad in Russia, what I was then
knew ... and at one time laugh at
everyone ... Through laughter ... the reader heard
sadness...".
(N. V. Gogol)
What work were these words about?
(N.V. Gogol said these words about the comedy "The Inspector General".)
Right. Find the key words in the epigraph.
(bad in Russia, laughter)
Choose synonyms for the word "bad".
Bad - bad, ugly, ugly, bad, ugly, unpleasant, worthless.
N.V. Gogol called his comedy - a comedy "with anger and salt."
Why? (show the vices of society)
Formulate a problem?
(Let's try to figure out what "bad" Gogol showed in the comedy "with anger and salt", at which he laughs)
Open your notebooks, write down the date and the topic of the lesson.
Formulation of the problem.
Is it really possible to learn something from Gogol's officials?
I want you to have a desire after today's lesson to fight "everything bad in Russia."
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM QUESTION.
Gogol dreamed of a comedy "with malice and salt." He got her. What kind of “anger and salt” are we talking about in the work, we will try to answer this question during the lesson.
Who are the officials and what is their role in the city?
(“An official is a civil servant with a rank, official rank.”) Record in notebooks.
Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyapkin, judge
Artemy Filippovich Strawberries. Trustee of charitable institutions
Luka Lukich Khlopov. Superintendent of schools.
Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin. Postmaster.
Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky. Mayor.
Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky, landowners.
Your attitude to the news of the arrival of the auditor.
How officials try to hide the shortcomings of their work.
Acquaintance with Khlestakov.
Finally, the time has come to get acquainted with Khlestakov, Osip will tell us about him. (Timofeev Ivan)
Tell me, Khlestakov, what is he doing in this city?
(is in transit, lives in a tavern, he has no money)
Staged. Meeting of the mayor with Khlestakov. (Davletov Almaz, Khusainov Iskander)
How did the meeting of the mayor with Khlestakov take place?
Conversation.
Why is this situation funny? (there is no understanding between the characters, they are afraid of each other)
What is Khlestakov afraid of? (that he will be taken to jail)
What is the mayor afraid of? (thinks that he was denounced, frightened by Khlestakov's behavior)
What feeling drives them? (fear)
Compiling a cluster:
Fear: 1) makes blind
2) makes deaf
3) deprives the mind
Summarizing. Problem solving.
What did Gogol want to achieve by creating a comedy "with malice and salt"? (show the vices of society, shake human hearts with laughter)
List these vices.
(irresponsibility, greed, fraud, bribery)
What vices of modern society can you name?
(greed, drug addiction, irresponsibility, alcoholism…)
Is Gogol's comedy relevant today?
Is Gogol's comedy relevant today? Why?
What lesson can we learn for ourselves?
(takes responsibility seriously)
What are your current responsibilities? (do homework, master knowledge...)
Home task: characterize Khlestakov.
Synopsis of a lesson in literature on the topic “The Inspector General” N.V. Gogol as a social comedy "with anger and salt".
For 8th grade students
MBOU "Muskatnovskaya School"
Prepared by: Murugova Alina Vladimirovna
Teacher of Russian language and literature
Subject: Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol. Brief story about the writer, his attitude to history, historical theme in a work of art.
"Inspector". Comedy "with anger and salt." The history of the creation and history of the production of comedy.
Lesson Objectives: 1) repeat the well-known information about Gogol as a satirist writer; 2) to give the concept of a dramatic work; 3) reveal the ideological concept of the comedy.
Theory: drama, comedy.
vocabulary work: posters, acts (actions), phenomena (scenes), monologues, dialogues, remarks, remarks.
I. teacher's word. Gogol is one of the significant figures in the literature of the 1st half of the ΧІΧ century.
Gogol is a lonely "star" of Russian literature, a unique writer's individuality. About the "secret", "mystery" of artistic talent have been arguing for a century and a half. We will also try to discover something new for ourselves and realize that the work of the great writer is a living phenomenon of our time.
What works of Gogol are you familiar with? “The Night Before ...”, “Sorochinsky Yarm.”, “May Night ...”, “Taras B.”, “The Tale of How One Man of 2 ...”, “Wild Landowner”.
Name Lit. heroes.
II. Textbook. Page 245
What career did you dream about when you were young?? (« I just thought that I would curry favor and all this would be delivered by the state service ”)
What the hell is hara-ra, what skill, developed in early youth, helped him become a writer? (I came up with everything funny that I could think of ..., had the ability " to guess a person and with a few features to expose him suddenly as if he were alive…»)
What facts of G.'s biography speak about his interests in the theater? (Father, Vasily Afanasyevich, was a famous Ukrainian playwright. He became a recognized director home theater in the estate of a retired nobleman D. P. Troshchinsky)
If Pushkin blessed as his literary successor Derzhavin, then the talent of the boy Nikolai Gogol was first noted by the neighbor of the Gogol-Yanovskys on the estate V. V. Kapnist, author of the sharp comedy pamphlet "Yabeda", directed against the government-bureaucratic apparatus of Russia. For this comedy, banned for a long time, Kapnist almost paid with exile to Siberia.
The young talent, who received the blessing of Kapnist, as if fate itself was destined to become satirist.
And the play Auditor» was subsequently accepted Also, How sometime" Yabeda».
Enrolling in Nizhyn Gymnasium of Higher Sciences, young Gogol immediately showed his acting inclinations. One of the first letters (01/04/1824) to parents contains evidence of the hobbies of the future playwright: "... I humbly ask you, - the schoolboy addresses his “dearest parents”, - send me comedies ...: “Poverty and nobility of the soul”, “Hatred of people and remorse» (plays by Kotzebue A.F., translated from German)
IN gymnasium performances the future writer took an active part - both as an actor and as a graphic designer. The whole Nizhyn was talking about the gymnasium production of Fonvizin's "Undergrowth", and the audience was especially struck by the performance the role of Mrs. Prostakova as a pupil N. Gogol-Yanovsky. K. M. Basili, his comrade at the gymnasium, later wrote in admiration: “ Not a single actress succeeded in the role of Prostakova as well as the then 16-year-old Gogol played.».
Arriving in the northern capital, the Nizhyn graduate strives to get into the troupe of the imperial Alexandrinsky Theater. The tests were successful, Gogol made friends among the actors, but he never became an actor. Fate decreed...
II. From biographical information about Gogol we know that in the 30s. ΧІΧ in he seriously thinks about Russian comedy. He continued the creative achievements of his predecessors D. I. Fonvizina, A. S. Griboedova. The writer contributed to the development of this genre. He believed that comedy will fulfill its purpose only when the idea of the work is revealed in system of images, in composition, in plot, and not in direct verbal edification, moralizing with the punishment of vices in front of the audience.
So in the 30s. Gogol is working simultaneously on two comedies from modern life: "Players" and "Grooms" (later reworked into "Marriage").
ІІІ . Now remember whichtype of literature comedy applies? To drama. ( Interactive poster)
What is the difference between drama and epic poetry? At the junction of 2 arts stands - literature and theater).
What genres is drama divided into?? (tragedy, comedy, drama in the narrow sense)
Which features has a comedy? (poster, acts (actions), monologues-dialogues, remarks aside, remarks, speech of characters. In the play no description appearance hero, author's narration, direct expression of the author's attitude to events and characters, his feelings. The author is hidden behind the actions and speeches of the characters)
The success of a dramatic work in the theater depends not only on director, (actors, artists-decorators who embody the writer's intention)
Scroll through the play. How many acts are in it and how many phenomena each(5 actions from 6 to 16 events in each)
Open the poster, meet the characters. (25
specific actors different rank and the position and many guests, merchants, burghers, petitioners without names.) Already reading the poster makes it possible to assume that the comedy is given a wide critical life of the surrounding reality and the peculiar anatomy of a county town:
Here is the head of administration mayor
And his "ministers":
Superintendent of schools
Judge,
Trustee of charitable institutions,
Chief of Police
county doctor,
police officers,
landlords,
City landowners
And respectable faces in the city,
And the merchants
And the townspeople
And city ladies
And servants.
Outside the city are 2 people. Who are they? (Khlestkov, Osip)
We will return to this image of the city (in a promising sense).
І V. Work on the "Inspector" began already being famous writer, who was valued and friendly supported by A. S. Pushkin.
It is known that in one of the meetings in October 1835 Pushkin gave Gogol the plot of "The Government Inspector". « Do me a favor, - writes the novice playwright, - give some plot, at least some funny or not funny, but a purely Russian anecdote. The hand trembles to write a comedy in the meantime. If this doesn’t happen, then my time will be wasted, and I don’t know what to do then ... Do me a favor, give me a plot, the spirit will be a comedy of 5 acts, and, I swear, it will be funnier than the devil.
In one of the next meetings, Pushkin told Gogol " Russian joke". He told Gogol an incident in the Novgorod province, where some traveler, posing as an official from the ministry, robbed the inhabitants. Besides, Pushkin himself by going to Orenburg to collect material for the history of the Pugachev uprising, I soon learned that local rulers had received a warning from "well-wishers" that the collection of historical information was only a pretext, and the real goal of the visitor was to secretly audit the official activities of Orenburg officials. These 2 cases became the basis of Gogol's comedy.
Gogol worked on the text of the comedy for 17 years. Although the 1st draft edition was already written by December 1835. Rough sketches for "honing" the work. So a year before his death, in 1851, he made the last changes to one of the replicas І Vactions. The text of 1842 is considered the final edition. There were 3 lifetime editions: 1836, 1841, 1842.
V. Message “Ideological concept and features of the composition of the comedy “Inspector General”.
IN " Inspector,” Gogol later recalled, I decided to put together everything that was bad in Russia, which I then knew, all the injustices that are done in those cases where justice is most required of a person, and at one time laugh at everything».
Comedy is not about a love affair, not about events. privacy, I phenomena of social order. The plot is based on a commotion among the officials who are waiting for the auditor, and their desire to hide from him " your sins».
Thus, it is a socio-political comedy. It has no central character. Such a hero was the bureaucratic mass. This bureaucracy is given primarily in official activities, which led to the inclusion in the play of images of merchants and bourgeoisie.
2) p. 342 (questions 2-6)
3) What is a tie?
Make a table about the officials of the county town
|
Official's name |
The sphere of urban life, which he is called to lead |
Information about the state of affairs in this area |
Characteristics of the hero in the text |
|
Anton Antonovich Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky |
Mayor. General police department, ensuring order in the city, its improvement |
Takes bribes, condones other officials in this matter, the city is not well-maintained, state money is stolen |
"Speaks …" |
1st production
Alexandrinsky Theatre. Petersburg. The hall was full. In the boxes and chairs of the parterre - ministers, St. Petersburg nobility. In the royal box - Nicholas 1 with his heir. There are many acquaintances of Gogol in the theater:
Zhukovsky, to whom Gogol read "R." in a palace,
Poet Vyazemsky.
Even the old man Krylov came. For him, the new Russian comedy is an event in which you cannot sit at home.
Only the spectators of the non-aristocratic circle are crowded in the gallery.
At first they laughed willingly. After all, comedy is funny.
Already after the 1st act, bewilderment was written on all faces, which increased with each act. The audience is beaten out of all theatrical expectations and habits.
However, in this play there were features and phenomena filled with such vital truth that general laughter was heard 2 times. A completely different thing happened in act 4: laughter at times still flew from one end of the hall to another, but it was some wicked laugh, immediately disappearing;
Applause almost none at all;
But tense attention, convulsive, Sometimes dead silence showed. That the thing that happened on the stage was passionately captured the hearts of the audience.
By end of act 4 the former bewilderment was reborn into general indignation, which completed by act 5.
Many called the author later for writing a comedy, others for the fact that talent is visible in some scenes, the simple public for laughing, but common voice heard on all sides of the select public was: " This is an impossibility, slander and farce ».
Tsar a lot on show laughed And applauded, probably wanting to emphasize that the comedy is harmless, you should not take it seriously. He perfectly understood that his anger would be another confirmation of the veracity of Gogol's satire. However, left alone with the retinue, the king could not stand the cunningly conceived role to the end and broke down: “ Well, a play! Everyone got it, but me more than anyone!»
High-ranking officials of St. Petersburg were offended when they saw in the play " intolerable curse on the nobles, officials and merchants”, in general to Russia.
But most of all, Gogol was shocked by the accusation that he - enemy of Russia that tone slandered her in comedy.
However, Gogol also had well-wishers. Rich man Demidov, who established an annual award of 20,000 rubles. and having transferred the right to award it to the Russian Academy of Sciences, on May 11, 1836, he wrote a letter to the secretary of the Academy with a request to crown Gogol with a full of gold medals. But the Academy was imperial. Demidov was refused. The prize was awarded to Bobinsky for the "Riding Course".
Gogol was upset. Annoyed. Suffered. And he went abroad for treatment in June 1836. Slide 10 Portrait of I. Zherin
His face is pale, as if greatly indignant at what has happened. The left eyebrow raised in surprise, the eyes are bold to the point of insolence, but the circles around them betray suffering, the lips are sadly folded. The artist successfully seated Gogol: he turned his back to us, only his head was energetically turned towards the viewer. This is a gesture of severe farewell, emphasizing Gogol's alienation, that abyss between the writer and Nikolaev Russia, which opened at the 1st performance.
Lesson 2. Topic: 1 action
“Unpleasant news: the auditor is coming to us”
Lesson Objectives: uncover the lifeblood of comedy; understand the circumstances that attracted officials to their fatal mistake; awaken attention to Gogol's text.
vocabulary work:
Incognita- under a fictitious name, without revealing his own.
Arbitrariness- self-will, autocracy;
embezzlement- Robbery of the treasury, the state.
Fraud- unseemly, fraudulent actions with selfish goals.
During the classes
I. K. S. Stanislavsky advises reading the play simply, but with a good understanding of the essence, the main line of its internal development. Let's follow his advice: "to trace how the conflict arises and develops in it, for what and between whom the struggle is being waged, which groups are fighting and in the name of what."
Gogol, creating a portrait of society and showing the imperfection of a person deprived of moral law, finds new type dramatic conflict. Gogol's innovation lies in the fact that in comedy there is no hero-ideologist who would express a true understanding of duty and honor, nor a conscious deceiver leading everyone by the nose. The officials themselves are deceiving themselves, literally imposing on Khlestakov the role of a significant person. Increasing fear, obscuring the mind makes you accept " icicle, rag", "helicopter dust» for the auditor.
II. Once again with the poster slide 13 Time and place of action. (The county town is a replica of the mayor, removed from the center: “Though you ride from here for 3 years, you won’t reach any state.” Action time 1831
Reading 1, 2 yavl. Gradually, from small details and lines, the image of the city appears before us. From the replicas of the characters, we can draw some conclusions about the features of this city.
Since all aspects of the administration are represented, we can already tell from Act I that things are not going well in all areas.
But the worst that the people living in this city do not do not suspect, that you can live differently.
Why in 1 yavl. Officials are named by name and patronymic, and the mayor is called the mayor? Gogol emphasizes that for all those present, Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky is not a private, but an official, a boss, an important person. Such a selection of the mayor as the most significant person is reflected in the construction of dialogues. The mayor, as it were, leads the main melody, the rest echo him.
Reading 1-x 3 replicas. The remarks of the judge and the trustee in the text look the same. But do they sound the same? Find the correct intonation of the characters, consistent with the comments. Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin Tyapkin slowly, importantly, perplexedly, as if saying: What is an auditor? What else is this?» Logical stress is on the word How.
Strawberry Artemy Filippovich is also surprised, but he does not need to explain who the auditor is. The subtext of the phrase is: "No, in fact, auditor? Really? The remark sounds abruptly, emphatically interrogatively.
In the following remarks of officials, their condition is expressed more frankly.. Judge overwhelmed by the surprise.
Strawberry Artemy Filippovich immediately realized that the matter had taken an unpleasant turn, he was very upset.
And the last (he had not dared before) is Khlopov Luka Lukich.What is heard in his voice ? (Fear, horror).
Mayor's instructions to Luka Lukic- With. 257, below.
strawberries Artemy Filippovich takes instructions more cheerfully. He perfectly understands what the mayor wants from him, and completely agrees with him: nothing should be radically changed, it is only necessary that the appearance be decent. Therefore, Strawberry with relief, even with some pleasure, agrees with the mayor. " Well, that's nothing, caps, perhaps, you can put on and clean" - With. 255, above.
Otherwise, the judge perceives the message of the mayor and his advice Lyapkin-Tyapkin Ammos Fedorovich.
From to importance philosopher begins to build the most incredible assumptions about the causes of the "adversity". Find. (255 pages)
Why is the judge's speech comical?? The significance of his remarks is ridiculous: “ Something for nothing", - he utters, combining in one phrase incompatible. « not without reason"- the word indicates the specific cause of the incident. But instead of this reason, L.-Tyapkin slips an indefinite “ anything».
Why Gogol endows the judge with such a ridiculous last name? The principle of attitude to official affairs (“tyap-blunder”) was reflected,
replicas judges comical: after many efforts, Painful verbal childbirth ”(Stanislavsky) he lays out nonsense, his inevitable “blunder”: “ is there any betrayal"(p. 255)
What does the mayor say and how does his answer affect Lyapkin-Tyapkin? The caustic objections of the mayor make the following remark of the judge completely amorphous: he is not able to argue his thoughts. Only at the end of the sentence does his phrase become coherent: " No, I’ll tell you, you’re not the right one ... you’re not ... The authorities have subtle views: for nothing, which is far away, but it shakes its mustache". (255)
Page 252-253 - speech with old clock.
Conclusion: their character is manifested in the intonation of the speeches of Gogol's characters.
Comic discrepancy between the manner of speech and the feelings of the judge. With all its thoughtfulness"and the tongue-tied judge is very proud And touchy.
It is unbearably hard for him to listen to the remarks of the mayor about the abundance indecent for a public place " geese with little goslings ”, which dart under their feet" - With. 256. And Lyapkin-Tyapkin tries to interrupt the mayor with seductive offers (" And today I will order them all to be taken to the kitchen. Would you like to come to dinner»).
But today, on the eve of the auditor's arrival, the mayor is incorruptible, as if not noticing the judge's remarks, he continues to instruct Lyapkin-Tyapkin instructively: p. 256, below.
Why Gogol helped us notice in courtarapnik ? (p. 256) arapnik is an excellent symbol of justice of that time
Unable to withstand the discovery of “disturbances” that is offensive to his pride, the judge goes on the offensive, saying that “ sins to sins strife”, and objects to considering the greyhound puppies he takes openly as bribes (p. 257)
Why Bribes Borzoi Puppies Are Not a Sin for the Guardian of Justice? (Bribery has assumed enormous proportions, and greyhound puppies, among other abuses, seem to the judge a trifle.)
Moreover, Lyapkin-Tyapkin is not harmless: if the mayor tells the auditor about the riots in court, he, the representative of the law, can remember a fur coat of 500 rubles, and a shawl for the mayor's wife, and about many other things that are by no means flattering for the head of the city. This threat affects the mayor more strongly than an invitation to dinner, and he pronounces conciliatoryly: p. 257, below. " However, I only mentioned the county court; and to tell the truth, it is unlikely that anyone will ever look there…»
Which of the officials is most worried about the possible arrival of the auditor and why? (mayor)
He has the most faults
He is also the most insightful and dexterous person among them.
How are officials different from him?? (Stupid, clumsy. They make ridiculous assumptions.)
Officials are accustomed to impunity and console themselves with the fact that the mayor's "sins" are bigger.
Not such a mayor. Knowing that revisions are usually superficial, he gives instructions that do not require radical changes (caps are clean, inscribe over the bed;
the assessor is a drunkard - let the garlic;
Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky interrupts the frivolous postmaster, who is ready to forget about the auditor for the sake of a playful letter. Page 260 " Well, it's not up to now.…»
What replicas end 1-2 yavl-I? (Gorodnichiy about the cursed incognito that sits in his head.)
Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky becomes even careful in expressions which rarely happens to him in a normal setting.
TO postmaster: « Listen, Ivan Kuzmich, ... print a little and read"... Afraid to express himself definitely and cautiously" print it out a little" covers the official "incoming and outgoing» (p. 260, above)
THE CITY COURT IS NOT FREE FROM PETILTIES. Reading Chmykhov's letter, he begins with an appeal: p. 254. " Dear friend, godfather and benefactor ..."(In this situation, this appeal is completely uninteresting for officials, but the mayor cannot miss it: it flatters him. Anton Antonovich wants to show everyone how respected he is)
How and why the mayor talks about 2 unusual rats that he dreamed about? S. 254 (It would seem that the situation is so acute that it is not up to the interpretation of dreams. The mayor, quite seriously, as if it were a real event, says: “Really, such ... away” - one can see in these words not only superstition, but also the desire to discover their foresight, flair, intuition.
Outcome. 1. It was e exposure.
2 . There are no unjustified trifles in Gogol.
3
. Shchepkin believed that Gogol did not have a single insignificant phrase: “We were rehearsing The Inspector General for an actor entering the play again. Shchepkin. Then already a deep old man. I sat in the smoking room and waited for my exit. In one of the acts of the play, the mayor has a few words that he says backstage. Chernevsky, whose duty it was to monitor the exits and replicas, decided not to disturb Shchepkin, who was resting, and shouted a replica for him. The old artist, who had heard the words of his role, spoken by someone else, was excited. He called Chernevsky to him and sternly asked him: IsYou
today you play the mayor? The embarrassed young man replied: Have mercy, Mikhail Semyonovich, I did not want to bother you over trifles. "Remember- Shchepkin said hotly, - firstly, Gogol has no trifles, and secondly, I am here precisely to worry". (Shchepkina-Kupernik T. L. "No. From the Memoirs of the Russian Theater")
D. h. read step 2
2) From what moment does the action begin to develop faster?
3) p. 344 (4, 5)
Lesson 2
