During the years of the Great Patriotic Wars s, when the Soviet troops almost completely liberated the territory of the USSR from the fascist invaders, based on past experience in organizing training for the army and navy, Suvorov military and Nakhimov naval schools were created similar to cadet corps. The creation of such schools was the call of the times and became a significant page in the history of the Soviet army and navy.

Initially, schools, as a rule, took "children of soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy, partisans, Soviet and party workers, workers and collective farmers who died at the hands of the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War." They accepted boys aged 10 to 14 with general education training appropriate for their age in the amount of 2-6 grades elementary school. Pupils of the schools were fully supported by the state, they were given a naval uniform.

The country, in the conditions of a fierce struggle against fascism, found an opportunity and surrounded the children of the war with care and attention. For this, experienced teachers and educators were recalled from the operating fleets and fronts, convenient premises for housing and study were found, and an appropriate material base was created.

The Nakhimov Naval Schools, as secondary educational institutions of a closed type, were formed in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Belarus dated August 21, 1943 and were intended to prepare young men for training in higher naval educational institutions and subsequent service in the Military Navy as officers. They received the name "Nakhimov" in honor of the great Russian naval commander, Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, the hero of the Crimean War of 1853-1856. He is especially dear to our people because he gave the maximum of his intellectual and moral strength to the service of Russia in the most difficult period of time, from the bloody suppression of the Decembrist uprising to the Crimean War. P.S. Nakhimov was a progressive military leader, a recognized authority in various areas of naval affairs, and a talented educator of sailors.

“Of the three ways,” said P.S. Nakhimov - act on subordinates: rewards, fear and example - the latter is the most faithful.

Schools were created in 1943 in Tbilisi, in 1944 in Leningrad and in 1945 in Riga.

First, by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy N.G. Kuznetsov dated October 16, 1943, the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School was established. Of the first educators and teachers, we can name Brusnikin Evgeny Vasilyevich, Chenchik Nikolai Filippovich, Mishin, Panin, Shaikhetov Boris Vladimirovich, Potapov Leonid Nikolaevich, Delyukina Tatyana Valentinovna, Gritsak Olga Fedorovna, Kels and many, and many others, whose names are in every heart of their pupils . And the first ones they had to educate and teach were young front-line soldiers, the sons of regiments and cabin boys of the fleet, who had military awards. This is a participant in the heroic defense of Sevastopol Boris Kuleshin and partisan Vasily Chertenko, on whose chest the Order of the Red Star and many medals shone, Vasily Osadchy had three combat medals, Boris Krivtsov was awarded the Admiral Nakhimov medal, Konstantin Gavrishin the Admiral Ushakov medal , Petr Parov with the Orders of the Red Star, Glory, 3rd degree and the medal "For Courage", cabin boy from a torpedo boat Valery Lyalin, for his courage, was awarded the Order of the Red Star. They were twelve or fifteen at the time.

The conditions of life, life, the process of training and education were constantly improved, the material and technical base of the school was improved. The routine was military, which included getting up, physical exercises, classes, lunch, rest, dinner, self-training, free time, evening walk and lights out. Cultural leisure was adorned with concerts prepared on their own and by invited artists, cultural trips to theaters, museums and cinema. The exit of the school to one theater or another was always an event. In solemn formation, to the orchestra, the Nakhimovites marched through the city with songs.

Knowledge was obtained first in poorly equipped rooms, and then in new classrooms and classrooms for naval training, physics, chemistry, biology, history and geography, drawing and drafting, literature and mathematics. Nakhimov workers gained labor knowledge and experience in carpentry, radio engineering and other workshops. There was also an internship. The Nakhimovites repaired roads, engaged in all sorts of chores, unloaded barges with firewood, wagons with coal, etc. Every year the lessons became more lively, more interesting and clearer. Gradually, modern equipment began to appear in classrooms and offices, various study guides, film projectors, tape recorders and other modern equipment. Taught ballroom and classical dances.

Such an environment for classes was created in the schools, which made it possible, while studying theory, to develop maritime qualities among Nakhimov students, instill a love for the romance of naval service, and give deep and comprehensive general educational knowledge. Much attention was paid to drill training, which contributed to high coherence and military bearing, instilled a sense of naval camaraderie, collectivism, and other qualities and skills necessary for future officers. A special role, of course, was assigned to educational practice, which included naval, combined arms and physical training.

Pupils of all schools gained practical experience, physical training in summer camps on the Black Sea in the village of Falshivyy Gelendzhik, in the Baltic, and in one of the picturesque corners on the Karelian Isthmus. In sea trips on boats and ships, the moral and physical qualities of each Nakhimov citizen were tested.

Then, on the basis of the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of June 21, 1944 No. 745, by order of the People's Commissar of the USSR Navy of June 23, 1944 No. 280, the Leningrad, and in 1945 the Riga Nakhimov Naval School were established.

As the first head of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School, then captain of the 1st rank, and later Rear Admiral Izachik N.G., recalled, he received an order from the command to coordinate all organizational issues with the leadership of Leningrad, to select a convenient building and the necessary personnel. The city authorities supported the proposal of the military sailors and turned to the government with a proposal to open an independent school, although at first it was only a branch of the Tbilisi Nakhimov Naval School that already existed. It was not easy to find a building to house the school. From several options, Nikolai Georgievich Izachik chose a building on the banks of the Neva and Bolshaya Nevka. It was built in memory of the founder of the Russian Empire and the Russian Navy as a school building named after Peter the Great. Its spire was decorated with the figure of a galley ship. All naval attributes were present. This choice turned out to be successful, and for all subsequent years, Nakhimov students are deeply grateful to the first head for such a successful choice of a building to house the school.

On September 18, 1944, the first enrollment in the Leningrad Nakhimov School took place. Candidates moved to the rank of pupils. First of all, they cut their hair bald, dressed in a sailor's uniform and sent to the camp. The organization was army: the class was called a platoon, two platoons (later - three, and then four) made up a company; the companies were numbered from the eldest - the first, which included seventh graders, to the youngest - the fifth, corresponding to the third grade. Classes (or platoons) were numbered with a double digit. The first is the company number, the second is the platoon number in the company (instead of a letter in civilian numbering). It turned out unusual and difficult, for example: “a pupil of the 13th grade” meant that he studied in the 7th grade, and “a pupil of the 51st grade” - respectively, in the 3rd. In Tbilisi, by the way, the numbering was three-digit: the company number, then the platoon number, and the third digit denoted the class in the generally accepted meaning (the tenth was indicated by zero). In classes (from the third to the seventh) or, in military terms, “in companies”, the guys were determined not taking into account age, but taking into account the training received earlier and their level of knowledge, so classmates, as a rule, differed in age, and the difference reached four years of age. These were just the years taken by the war ...

The pupil is the first official military rank, although the people immediately began to call the guys Nakhimovites. From among the most experienced and active, junior commanders were appointed, they were awarded the next rank of "vice foreman".

These guys had special distinctions on shoulder straps, but they did not have disciplinary power, but rather played the role of leaders and class leaders, as in ordinary schools. Since the Nakhimovites did not take the military oath for years, the power of adults was not the same as in the active fleet.

The composition of the pupils was very motley. Among them there were unwritten laws of the children's community. At first, they kept in groups - they were afraid that no one would offend; and united in their own way - first the front-line soldiers, fellow soldiers, fellow countrymen, comrades, then already - platoons and companies. There were also their own authorities, that is, those who actually determined the course and course of school life. Nicknames and nicknames quickly appeared. And, in the end, a kind of “totem” self-name of the Nakhimovites was formed. They began to call themselves "Pythons". For the first time, the combination of the words "pupils - nurtured - pythons" was recorded in a poem by A. Genkin (2nd company), written in 1947. But, according to his friend V. Soluyanov, this nickname appeared much earlier. It, in consonance with his surname, was received by Valentin Raised, enrolled in the senior (1st) company in 1944. The title "python" is very honorable. Later, the Nakhimov School, in parallel to the "system" (as the higher naval schools were called in the maritime jargon), received an unofficial, almost geographical, respectful name - "Pitonia". It, despite all the prohibitions, has survived decades.

At first academic year 408 pupils aged 10 to 14 sat down at their desks. Many of them, such as Nikolai Senchugov, Petr Parov and many others, came to the school straight from the front and had military awards. Of course, it was not easy for them to sit down at a desk again, but most of them overcame the difficulties of their studies and successfully graduated from college.

In 1948, the first graduation took place, which took place solemnly on board the Aurora cruiser. This historic ship, a participant in the Russian-Japanese, Russian-German and World War II, was at the suggestion of Admiral I.S. Isakov was installed next to the school for eternal parking as a living reminder to the Nakhimov people about the traditions and heroic deeds sailors of the Russian and Soviet fleets, as well as a training base for studying naval affairs.

Heads, teachers, educators of those ancient years - their contribution to the formation of the Nakhimov School is enormous. And of course, the main result of their work are graduates.

Over the past decades, more than 14,000 graduates have received a start in life. Most chose the difficult naval service, many commanded ships and formations, and even now graduates of the school serve on almost every warship of the Russian Navy.

Stars of the Hero of the Russian Federation were awarded to five graduates of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School:

Admiral's shoulder boards are worn by Nakhimov's first recruits Radiy Zubkov, Yuri Efimov, Anatoly Shlemov, Vladlen Naumov and Alexander Bogatyrev, Vladlen Lobodenko and their younger classmates Vladimir Vysotsky, Nikolai Maksimov, Oleg Burtsev, Vladimir Zakharov, Andrey Volozhinsky, Mikhail Ilyinykh, Alexander Shuvanov and many others . In total, about 60 graduates of the Nakhimov Naval Schools rose to the rank of admiral and 14 became generals.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis, a graduate of 1949, Boris Kuznetsov, was on a submarine off the coast of America (he was awarded the Order of the Red Star). There were Nakhimovites at the test sites where powerful nuclear bombs were tested, and in Chernobyl, and in Afghanistan, and in other hot spots on the planet.

On the first Soviet nuclear submarine "K-3", which in June 1962 reached the North Pole, served from the first days of its dramatic history until the accident in 1967, navigator Oleg Pevtsov, a graduate of 1952, awarded the Order of Lenin. The eighth commander of this boat, which already bore the name "Leninsky Komsomol", in 1984-1986. was Oleg Burtsev, a graduate of 1970. Since the appearance of the first nuclear submarines, possibly on the same K-3, Erik Kovalev began his service in 1956, and in 1969 he commanded a boat, for the first time in the history of our fleet submerged to a depth of 400 meters.

Exits to the sea took place in an atmosphere of acute confrontation with the American submarine fleet. On July 21, 1970, the K-108 nuclear submarine under the command of Captain 2nd Rank Boris Bagdasaryan, whose head of the school Captain 1st Rank N.G. Izachik was almost expelled from the school, in combat service she collided with a US submarine that was carrying out tracking. The hull of the Soviet submarine turned out to be stronger than the American one, the commander had a piece of the “American” skin as a “souvenir” as a keepsake. And the commander of the strategic nuclear-powered ship K-219 during the accident in 1986, which happened in the Sargasso Sea, off the coast of America, was also a Nakhimov graduate of 1968, Captain 2nd Rank Igor Britanov. There was an explosion in the rocket silo and a fire on his boat. The boat sank, but thanks to the courage and competent actions of the crew, an ecological disaster was averted.

From the simple and honest deeds of the Nakhimovites, their high fighting and moral qualities, an invariable readiness for a feat grows, to sacrifice oneself in the name of civic, military duty and the Fatherland.

So, on August 10, 1956, in the village where S. Denisov, a Nakhimov member of the 2nd company, spent his summer vacation, a house caught fire. Stanislav showed courage in fighting the fire, and the head of the school received a letter of thanks from the chairman of the village council.

August 13, 1966 cadet of the 1st course VVMURE named after. A. S. Popov Konstantin Nesmiyan died during the arrest of the criminal, for which he was awarded the state award - the medal "For Courage" (posthumously).

In October 1981, while performing an international duty in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, a school graduate (1966), Captain 3rd Rank Fedor Gladkov, who was awarded the Orders of the Red Star and the Red Banner (posthumously), died.

In September 1992, Dmitry Petrovsky stood up for the honor of the fleet, was stabbed in the heart and miraculously survived, saved by military doctors. Six months later, Admiral I. V. Kasatonov presented him with the Order "For Personal Courage".

During the accident on the nuclear submarine "Komsomolets" on April 7, 1989, navigator captain-lieutenant Mikhail Smirnov died. Officers Andrei Makhota and Konstantin Fedotko (class of 1982) showed courage during the accident and were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

A veteran of the fleet, a specialist in deep diving Leonid Lei, a graduate of the school in 1951, participated in the survey of the site of the boat accident.

There were seven Nakhimov soldiers on the Kursk submarine, whose death on August 12, 2000 shocked the whole world. These are officers Vadim Bubniv, Sergey Loginov, Andrey Milyutin, Dmitry Repnikov, Maxim Safonov, Alexei Stankevich, Ilya Shchavinsky.

On July 17, 2001, during a demonstration flight, having performed all the aerobatics and trying to save an uncontrolled aircraft, Major General Timur Apakidze, Hero of the Russian Federation, died (class of 1971)

Since 1955, one Nakhimov Naval School has been operating in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg).

Over the past decades, the system of recruiting pupils has undergone a number of transformations, and now young men from grades 5 to 11 are studying at the school.

Today, the Nakhimov VMU is a secondary specialized educational institution of a closed type, with a naval orientation of education, which provides a general secondary education and prepares students for admission to higher military, naval, and educational institutions of the country.

The school has an excellent educational and material base, highly qualified personnel, teachers, educators and is located in the historical center of St. Petersburg, near the legendary cruiser Aurora, where students not only learn the basics of naval life, but also join the glorious history and traditions domestic fleet.

During the years of existence of the Nakhimov schools, more than one generation of young men went through the school of naval friendship and true brotherhood. All of them were brought up in the spirit of fidelity to military duty, to the fatherland, to the glorious military traditions of the Russian Navy. And there is confidence that, no matter how later life Nakhimov graduates, they will remain loyal to the naval, Nakhimov brotherhood until the end of their days.

Beginning in 1991, the Nakhimovites took part in long-distance sea and foreign campaigns. Over the years they have visited Finland and Holland, England and France, Belgium and Denmark, Greece and Bulgaria and other countries. Nakhimov students under the guidance of experienced officers of the school of captain 1st rank A.A. Popkov, captains 2nd rank V.G. Demkina, V.I. Strogov made trips to the Atlantic and around Europe with visits to the seas, where Russian sailors fought gloriously and fulfilled their duty to the Motherland. On the chest of many Nakhimov soldiers, the signs “For a long trip” shone, and this inspired them in their studies and further service.

For many years the school represented the Navy at military parades in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The constant assessment by the command of their participation in the parades is “excellent”. In 1996, for the exemplary passage through Red Square, the parade regiment of the school received a personal gratitude from the Supreme Commander-in-Chief - the President of Russia. High combat training and military bearing are the distinguishing qualities of the students of the Nakhimov Naval School. They showed the same qualities on the Main maritime parade in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Russian Navy in St. Petersburg in July 1996

The tradition of Nakhimov’s participation in military parades on Red Square dedicated to the Great Victory was revived in 2013. Each participant in the parade is awarded the medal of the Russian Ministry of Defense “For participation in the parade”, which is a reason for pride for Nakhimov’s people.

School graduates serve on the front lines of the defense of the Fatherland. They sacredly honor the testament of Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov.

2017-2020 - Nakhimov Naval School of the Ministry of Defense
Russian Federation:
restoration of the facades and roof of the building built in 1910 (all types of work completed
for the restoration of facades, roofing, plastering, stucco, forging); restoration of decorative tops of drainpipes and chimneys made of copper.

For the second century in a row, this building has been considered the St. Petersburg symbol of enlightenment and education. At the beginning of the last century, a vocational school was based here, after the revolution - a general education school, and from 1944 to the present day - the famous Nakhimov Naval School.

The former City College House named after Peter the Great, and now the Nakhimov Naval School, built by the St. Petersburg architect Alexander Ivanovich Dmitriev, is one of the key monuments of St. Petersburg architecture and monumental and decorative art of the early 20th century.

The idea of ​​building a "people's school house" arose in 1902, when preparatory work was underway to celebrate the anniversary of the capital of the Russian Empire. The program provided for the construction of the largest educational and educational complex for children and youth in the capital. In the main part of the building, 12 classes of an elementary school, a city free reading room, a hall and other premises should have been placed. In a separate building there are vocational schools with classes and workshops. The Commission on Education of the City Duma conceived this building as a kind of monument to the founder of St. Petersburg, "who cared about the education of the Russian people." And in this regard, it was far from accidental that the place where it was thought to build the School House - near the House of Peter I.

The building is located in one of the most picturesque corners of St. Petersburg, on the southeastern spit of the Petrograd side, where the Bolshaya Nevka originates from the Neva River. Its large pictorial volumes, referring to the era of the St. Petersburg Baroque, fit extremely organically into the panorama of the Neva banks, becoming an interesting and powerful accent that dominates the entire length of the Petrogradskaya embankment. The silhouette of figured roofs with a light spire-mast, the plastic solution of blue and white facades, and sculptural decoration create a bright and memorable image.

The appeal to the Baroque, the orientation to a specific historical context, of course, was not accidental, both the established traditions of neo-Baroque construction in St. Petersburg and the artistic atmosphere of the beginning of the century, imbued with a desire to study history and culture, played a large role native land. In the same years, the association was revived<<Мир искусства », в котором видную роль играли художники Б.М. Кустодиев, А.Н. Бенуа, М.В. Добужинский. Училищный дом предоставлял «мирискусникам» возможность хотя бы частично провести в жизнь свои творческие установки: историзм, просветительство, декоративность.

Stucco bas-relief with a bronze bust of Peter 1

The plastic decor of the School House was created according to the sketches of A.N. Benois by sculptor V.V. Kuznetsov. The large-scale relief in the tympanum of the arched pediment includes a huge cartouche with the monogram of Peter I and figures of naked young athletes holding a dangling lion skin, on which the clock face is placed (the clock was made by Friedrich Winter). The semantic center is a bronze bust of Peter I in a figured niche on the third floor, enclosed in a magnificent rocaille frame with putti figures. The bust was cast in the workshop of V.Z. Gavrilov.

On May 30, 1912, on the occasion of the 240th anniversary of Peter I, the School House was consecrated. The metropolitan press quite rightly called the new building "the palace of Peter I",<<домом-дворцом», «чудом строительства ». Высокую оценку давали ему и специалисты. Училищный дом А.И. Дмитриева действительно стал самым значительным и примечательным сооружением среди школьных зданий Петербурга начала века.

After the revolution of 1917, the City Infirmary No. 237 for mentally ill soldiers (according to the situation in 1918), and then the 176th unified labor school, as well as an orphanage (later the schools changed names and numbers).

Since 1944, the Nakhimov Naval School (NVMU) has been located in this building. According to oral evidence, the architect A.I. Dmitriev himself proposed to choose the building of the former City School House for the new educational institution. “And the needle of the spire, directed to the sky, and the proximity to the Neva, and the bust of Peter, the Tsar-navigator, the founder of the Russian fleet, many other details coincide so well that even to me, the architect, it seems as if I designed this house specifically for the Nakhimovites” , - admitted the creator of a magnificent architectural monument of the early twentieth century.

Today, large-scale repair and restoration work is underway here, the purpose of which is to preserve the cultural heritage site, as well as to adapt the historical building for modern use as an educational and administrative building of the Nakhimov School. The building provides for the placement of administration offices, teachers of additional education, an assembly hall for holding ceremonial events and a museum.

The initial stage of restoration and repair work implies a comprehensive restoration of the facade ensemble of the building with the reconstruction of all the lost elements. The goal is to repeat as accurately as possible the author's intention of the architect A.I. Dmitriev. Previously, the specialists of Demetra LLC carried out a large survey work in the archives and museum funds of the city. Thanks to the preserved historical drawings, plans, graphic, pictorial and photographic images, the appearance of the former School House at the time of its opening in 1912 is very clear.

Oak door filling is semi-light, arched. Layering and pollution of the desudeporte stucco composition

When conducting a full-scale survey, the main attention was paid to determining the degree of safety of finishing materials, assessing their technical condition, the presence of defects and, if possible, identifying the causes of their occurrence. The brick building has a p-shaped layout, consisting of five buildings of different heights, interconnected. The color of the plaster layer of the walls is heavily soiled, cracks and peeling of the surface are determined, associated primarily with the heterogeneity of the plaster layers and the unreasonable use of putty layers of considerable thickness. The lack of necessary clearing during the previous restoration work led to an increase in the thickness of the plaster finish and a violation of the plasticity of the facade. The restorers had to work hard to remove all the later plaster and putty layers to a solid base. In some places it was necessary to restore the integrity of the brickwork with specially made bricks of historical size and texture.

General view of the high relief of the main facade

Stucco decoration was used in the decoration of the facades: a cartouche framing the bronze bust of Peter I, framing the clock face, modulions, column capitals, high relief and sculptural compositions on the southern facade. During the survey, a number of problems were identified: the decor is heavily soiled, multi-layered, destruction is observed, in places with exposure of metal fittings. Due to defects in the base (cracks in the brickwork), the bronze bust of Peter I has some deviation to the side. The watch face, covered with ceramic tiles, has cracks and dirt. Currently, work is underway to restore the plastic decoration of the facades: cleaning from dirt and painting, removing destructed and strengthening weakened fragments. If small losses are replenished using the on-site homemade method, then large parts will be cast in the workshop according to models made from surviving samples. In this work, restorers have to not only match the level of professionalism of their predecessors, but also deal with a rare variety of finishing materials and techniques for its manufacture.

Also, work is underway to restore and recreate the metal decor of facades and roofs. The roof of the building had not only a complex configuration, but was also richly decorated with turrets, attics, pediments and dormer windows of various shapes. The chimneys of the building were decorated with picturesque chimneys, which, unfortunately, have not been preserved. In addition to the metal decor on the tops of the chimneys, the roof of the building was richly decorated with decorative caps on the funnels of the drainpipes. They are also lost. All these historical fragments will be recreated based on iconographic materials and analogues preserved at the site. The basement window grilles, metal railings of balconies, forged flag holders will also be restored and restored, and the roof will be replaced with copper.

Over the long period of operation, much of the exterior of the building was either damaged or irretrievably lost. So, in Soviet times, the doors of the courtyard facades shared the sad fate of many doors in St. Petersburg, they were arbitrarily replaced with new ones. The surviving doors of the front facades are in need of serious restoration with the restoration of carved decor. All window openings will be dismantled with the restoration of historical deglazing based on iconographic materials.

On the eastern and southern facades, limestone slabs of the entrances to the building have been preserved, which are in poor condition. The lost limestone steps will be replaced in the original material of the same deposit, in the same dimensions, with the reconstruction of their original historical design.

The restoration project provides for the installation of canopies over the entrances of the courtyard facades according to historical analogues, the restoration of metal and brick fences, the restoration of the lost chandelier-lantern in the arched passage.

The building of the Nakhimov Naval School is an integral part of the historical appearance of St. Petersburg. The restoration work carried out by the specialists of Demetra LLC is aimed at restoring historical justice and recreating the authenticity of the architectural design of one of the most beautiful educational institutions.

In 1899, an anniversary commission was formed in the City Duma, where various projects were developed to celebrate the 200th anniversary of St. Petersburg. Many projects were proposed, among them such as the construction of the White Sea Canal or the construction of the building of the City Duma on Petrovskaya Embankment. But another idea won, which belonged to the Commission on Education - to build the School House named after Peter the Great. In those days, schools were built everywhere in Russia, boarding houses were opened, the idea of ​​enlightenment, new School houses was extremely popular at the beginning of the 20th century.

A site for construction was soon planned - a site on the territory of the Penkovy Buyan, near the house of Peter I. The new building was to face it. On March 19, the issue was resolved, 1800 sq. fathoms. It was planned to build a whole complex of educational houses here. Since there was very little time left before the anniversary of the city, by the holiday they only had time to confine themselves to the solemn mortgage of the first building.

On April 16, 1903, the City Duma suddenly refuses the commission in the allotted place. The reason is simple - the high cost of the site. In the place where the Penkovy Buyan sq. a sazhen cost 220 rubles, which was a large amount for that time. By April 29, it was proposed to allocate a place at the corner of Penkova Street and Malaya Dvoryanskaya, where the land cost only 120 rubles per square meter. fathom. On May 12, the City Duma nevertheless agreed to provide this site for construction, and even then not unanimously (38 - "for" and 21 - "against"). "In the days of the jubilee celebrations, this place should be lit," the Duma decided so. There were only three days left before the holiday.

Nakhimov Naval Schools

Nakhimov Naval Schools (secondary educational institution of a closed type) were formed in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Belarus) dated August 21, 1943 and were intended to prepare young men for training in higher naval educational institutions, and subsequent service in Navy as officers. They received the name "Nakhimov" in honor of the great Russian naval commander, Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, Hero of the Crimean War of 1853-1856. He is especially dear to our people because he gave the maximum of his intellectual and moral strength to the service of Russia, was a progressive military leader, a recognized authority in various areas of naval affairs, and a talented educator of sailors. “Of the three ways to act on subordinates: rewards, fear and example, the last is the surest,” he said.

Nakhimov schools were created: in Tbilisi - 1943, Leningrad - 1944 and Riga - 1945. The first pupils of the schools were children of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, sons of regiments, cabin boys of the ships of the fleet, partisans who had military awards. They were twelve or fifteen at the time. Such conditions for studies were created in the schools that allowed Nakhimov students, while studying theory, to develop maritime qualities, instill a love for the romance of service in the navy and give deep and comprehensive general educational knowledge. Much attention was paid to drill training, which achieved smartness, bearing, a sense of the elbow of a comrade and other skills necessary for the life of each pupil. A special role, of course, was played by educational practice, which included naval, combined arms and general physical training. Pupils of all schools acquired practical skills, physical training in summer camps on the Black Sea in the village of Falshivyy Gelendzhik, in the Baltic, and in one of the picturesque corners on the Karelian Isthmus. In sea voyages on boats and ships, the moral and physical qualities of everyone were tested.

In 1953, the Riga School was closed, and in 1955, the Tbilisi School, whose pupils, who did not complete their studies, were transferred to the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School, where they continued their studies.

History of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School

The school was established in accordance with the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of June 21, 1944 No. 745, and formed by order of the People's Commissar of the Navy of the USSR of June 23, 1944 No. 280. Date of publication of the order of the People's Commissar of the Navy of the USSR on the formation of the school , June 23, is the annual holiday of the school. The school is housed in the building of the School House named after Emperor Peter the Great, built in 1912 and located at Petrogradskaya Embankment, 2-4 lit. A.

The construction of the building was carried out in 1909-1910, the author of the project is the outstanding domestic architect A.I. Dmitriev, the sculptural decor was made according to the drawings of the famous Russian artist A.N. Benoit. The grand opening and consecration of the building took place on May 12, 1912. From the moment of its opening, educational institutions have been located in the School House. Initially, junior specialists were trained here for the Russian commercial fleet, in the post-revolutionary period it housed a secondary general education school, and from 1944 to this day, the Nakhimov Naval School.

Captain 1st rank Nikolai Georgievich Izachik was appointed the first head of the school. On November 7, 1944, the first 408 boys aged 8-13 (grades 5-7) began their studies in the school building on Petrogradskaya Embankment.

By order of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated November 4, 1945 No. 15959-r, a plot of land in the Konnelyarsky district with a total area of ​​300 hectares was allocated to the school for the organization of a training camp and subsidiary farming. (southern shore of Lake Nakhimovskoye in the Vyborgsky district of the Leningrad region).

On March 31, 1945, the Leningrad NVMU was awarded the Red Banner of the naval units of the USSR Navy, as “... a sign of unification and internal cohesion ..., a symbol of military honor, valor and glory ..., a reminder of the Nakhimovites of their sacred duty to faithfully serve the Motherland, defend it courageously and skillfully, to defend from the enemy every inch of their native land ... ".

November 18, 1945 at the Petrograd side, the Red Banner cruiser "Aurora" was moored, and on November 17, 1948 the cruiser was transferred to the final parking lot on Bolshaya Nevka, at Petrogradskaya Embankment 2/4 and became a training base for students of the school.

On May 1, 1946, the senior Nakhimov regiment took part for the first time in the May Day parade on Red Square in Moscow. USSR dated September 24, 1958 No. 179, a badge of a graduate of the Leningrad Nakhimov Naval School was established.

June 25 - July 25, 1960, the first long-distance campaign of the Nakhimovites (1st company, graduation) took place on the Komsomolets training cruiser, along the route Baltiysk - Severomorsk - Baltiysk. According to the results of the campaign, for the first time, Nakhimov soldiers were awarded the badge "For a long trip."

On July 10, 2001, by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 527 “On the list of objects of historical and cultural heritage of federal (all-Russian) significance located in the city of St. Petersburg”, the main building of the school was given the status of a historical and cultural object of Federal significance - “School House named after the Emperor Peter the Great”, architect A.I. Dmitriev, artist A.N. Benois, sculptor V.V. Kuznetsov.

On May 29, 2004, at the initiative of the Nakhimov Club, on the eve of the 60th anniversary of the formation of the Leningrad NVMU, a bust of Admiral P.S. Nakhimov, author E.A. Fazilov, sculptor L.V. Aristov.

On January 27, 2009, the school was visited by the President of the Russian Federation - Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev.

On July 6, 2012, Nakhimovites took part in the grand opening of the first monument in St. Petersburg and in the Russian Federation to Admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov on Vasilyevsky Island, in the Little Gavantsy public garden, sculptor G.V. Lukyanov.

July 6 - 17, 2012, in the year of the 210th anniversary of the birth of Admiral P.S. Nakhimov, 12 Nakhimov students of the 10th grade took part in the historical and patriotic yachting expedition called "Baltic miles of 15-year-old midshipman Pavel Nakhimov", which took place along the route: St. Petersburg - Kotka - Helsinki - Tallinn - Stockholm - Kotka - St. Petersburg.

On July 6, 2012, the Nakhimov Military Medical School was awarded a banner of a new type, as a particularly honorable official military symbol and a military relic, embodying honor, valor, glory and tradition. The banner indicates the purpose of the school and its belonging to the Navy of the Russian Federation.

On May 9, 2013, by decision of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, General of the Army S.K. Shoigu, the tradition of participation of Nakhimov and Suvorovites in the Victory parades on Red Square in Moscow has been revived. The consolidated regiment of the Nakhimov Military Medical School took part in a military parade dedicated to the 68th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

On May 29-30, 2014, solemn events were held dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the formation of the Leningrad NVMU, in which the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral V.V. Chirkov, Governor of St. Petersburg G.S. Poltavchenko, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation S.V. Zheleznyak, as well as about 4 thousand veterans - graduates of the Tbilisi, Leningrad and Riga Nakhimov Naval Schools. Among the guests were graduates of the Nakhimov School in Bulgaria (Varna).

By order of the head of the Nakhimov Navy School dated June 8, 2015 No. 141, the Regulations on the badges of the Nakhimov Naval School "For Excellence in Study" and "For Diligence in Study" were put into effect, which are awarded to Nakhimov students who have achieved high levels in mastering the educational program and exemplary discipline.

On November 13, 2015, the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 687 "On the enrollment of the Hero of the Russian Federation, Major General Timur Avtandilovich Apakidze forever into the lists of the 2nd training company of the Nakhimov VMU" was issued.

On December 5, 2015, the school hosted a lesson of Courage “Elevation to a feat”, dedicated to the Day of Heroes of the Fatherland and the enrollment of the Hero of the Russian Federation, Major General T.A. Apakidze forever in the lists of the 2nd company of the school. The lesson of courage was attended by 2 Heroes of the Soviet Union, 7 Heroes of the Russian Federation, 6 colleagues of Timur Avtandilovich in naval aviation, the mother and widow of the Hero.

In accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation of August 08, 2016 No. 496 "On the reorganization of educational institutions under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation", the Sevastopol and Vladivostok PKUs were transformed into branches of the Nakhimov Naval School of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

On August 26, 2016, by order of the head of the Nakhimov VMU No. 204, the Regulations on the passing pennant "To the best training course (company) at the end of the academic year" were introduced. On September 1, 2016, for the first time, the 7th training course (5th company) was awarded with a pennant, the senior educator (head of the course) S.V. Borshchev.

On September 2, 2016, on Petrogradskaya Embankment, at the entrance to the school, a solemn opening ceremony of the sculpture “Serving the Motherland from Childhood” was held. The sculpture is dedicated to the pupils of the first (military) recruitment at the Nakhimov School in 1944. It is designed to perpetuate the memory of those Nakhimov boys whose fathers gave their lives defending their homeland, of the cabin boys of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, of all those who really served Motherland since childhood.

On April 4, 2017, the Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 209 "On the establishment of a branch of the federal state treasury educational institution "Nakhimov Naval School of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation" in the city of Murmansk" was issued. The grand opening of the branch took place on September 1, 2017, in which the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Admiral V.I. Korolev. The first bell sounded in the branch for pupils who entered the 1st, 2nd and 3rd training courses (240 people).

captain 1st rank FILIPYEV Yuri Petrovich

captain 1st rank SOKOLOV Valentin Evgenievich

Major General Apakidze Timur Avtandilovich

Rear Admiral Alexander Berzin

captain 1st rank SPRAVTSEV Sergey Valentinovich

Rear Admiral Khmyrov Vsevolod Leonidovich

captain 1st rank OPARIN Alexander Ivanovich

rear admiral VARFOLOMEYEV Valery Vladimirovich

Of the graduates, 65 became admirals, among them the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy (2007-2012) Admiral V.S. Vysotsky, head of the VUNTS of the Navy “Naval Academy named after N.G. Kuznetsov" (2012-2016) Admiral N.M. Maksimov, Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy - First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy (2016-present) Vice Admiral A.O. Volozhinsky, as well as Vice Admirals Yu.S. Alekseev, L.I. Zhdanov, V.L. Kasatonov, O.V. Burtsev, M.M. Popov, A.F. Shlemov and many others.

14 graduates of the school became generals, among them the deputy head of the department of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, Lieutenant General V.M. Ivanushkin, head of one of the departments of the USSR Ministry of Defense, corresponding member of the International Academy of Informatization, Major General A.I. Demin, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Research Institute of the USSR Ministry of Defense, Major General V.V. Safronov and others.

The vast majority of graduates of the school devoted themselves to military service on surface ships, submarines, in naval aviation and marines of the Fatherland Navy, of which more than 9 thousand were awarded government awards for exemplary performance of military duty to protect the Fatherland.

And now the graduates of the school command ships, formations and formations of the Russian fleet, carry out a difficult, but honorable military service.

Many of the graduates have distinguished themselves in the political, diplomatic, scientific, pedagogical fields, as well as in the field of literature, culture, art, and have been awarded government awards and honorary titles. Among them: Academician of the Russian Academy of Education, Minister of Education of Russia (1990-1992) E.D. Dneprov; professor, head of the department of the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute V.A. Kozlovsky, ship designers, laureates of the State Prize I.P. Bogachenko and V.P. Gorbachev; doctor of technical sciences, academician, honorary member of many academies S.P. Nikolaev; Doctor of Medical Sciences Professor E.M. Gubachev, V.V. Krishtal and S.I. Kuznetsov; diplomat, military attaché in the Republic of Cuba and Romania G.A. Mikhailov; Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honored Worker of Science and Technology, Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg Engineering Academy B.S. Marketers and many others.

During the summer practice period, senior Nakhimov students improved their practical skills in the basics of naval training in long-distance sea voyages on training ships of the Baltic Fleet, visiting Finland, Holland, Denmark, England, the USA, France, Greece and other countries, as a result of which they were awarded the distinctive sign "For a long voyage", which at the age of 15-16 is a worthy and honorable award for future naval officers.

From 1946 to 2008 traditionally, students of the school took part in military parades in Moscow and St. Petersburg (Leningrad). This glorious tradition was revived in 2013 and continues every year.

Currently, the Nakhimov Naval School is located in three separate buildings. The main building "School House named after Emperor Peter the Great" is included in the list of objects of historical and cultural heritage of federal (all-Russian) significance and is under state protection.

1963 - 1971 BAKARDZHIEV Vyacheslav Georgievich

  • 1971 - 1976 BELYAEV Pavel Grigorievich

  • 1976 - 1979 FYODOROV Nikolai Konstantinovich

  • 1979 - 1990 STOLYAROV Lev Nikolaevich

  • 1990 - 2001 MALOOV Nikolai Nikolaevich

  • 2001 - 2007 BUKIN Alexander Nikolaevich

  • 2008 YURCHENKO Andrey Yakovlevich

  • 2008 — 2013 ANDREEV Nikolai Nikolaevich

  • 2013 — 2018 SUROV Alexey Borisovich

    • In connection with the need to further improve the infrastructure, educational and material base, improve the social and living conditions of pupils, the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, General of the Army S.K. Shoigu, a decision was made to reconstruct the fixed assets of the Nakhimov Naval School, which involves the construction of a new multifunctional building, the reconstruction of the educational and barracks building, the restoration of the educational and administrative building, as well as the creation of a park zone, a zone of planar sports facilities and other facilities.

    Heraldic emblems of the school

    Large emblem - the coat of arms of the Nakhimov VMU. The main heraldically designed official symbol, reflecting the general, particular and special signs of the functional purpose and methods of the institution's activities. In a large emblem, through heraldic elements, the most complete information about an institution of a certain level and functional purpose should be reflected.

    Medium Emblem. Heraldically designed official symbol, reflecting private and special signs of the functional purpose of the institution and methods of activity. The middle emblem is created to expand the possibilities when building heraldic signs.

    Small Emblem. Heraldically designed official symbol, reflecting the special features of the functional purpose of the institution and methods of activity. The small emblem is strictly individual for a particular institution and represents an artistic composition of heraldic elements united by a single symbolic meaning.

    Medallion. Heraldically designed official symbol, reflecting the special features of the functional purpose of the institution and methods of activity, placed in the center of the blue cross on the reverse side of the banner. On the red background of the medallion there is a small emblem of the institution.

    We are all so accustomed to the fact that sailors live in a beautiful blue and white building at the intersection of Petrovskaya and Petrogradskaya embankments that it seems to us that it was created for them. But it turns out not. The Nakhimov School moved into this house in 1944. And the house was built in 1911. And it was built for a memorable date - the 200th anniversary of St. Petersburg. A few years before the anniversary year of 1903, a special Jubilee Commission was formed, which was engaged in the development of a program of celebrations and considered numerous projects and proposals, selecting the best of them for inclusion in the program. In 1902, the idea was submitted to build the School House in memory of the founder of the city. The idea was in tune with the educational sentiment of the era, and the proposal was accepted. But they did not have time to build it - the anniversary was not far off. Therefore, it was decided during the days of celebrations to lay the first stone of the School House, and build it later, coinciding with some other date. The groundbreaking ceremony for the School House of Peter the Great took place on the second day of the jubilee celebrations on Petrovskaya Embankment not far from the House of Peter the Great. In the same year, a competition was announced for the presentation of the best project of the School House. Under the terms of the competition, the main building of the school house was supposed to house twelve classes of elementary school, male and female four-year schools and a city free reading room. Trade schools, men's and women's, for 150 people each, had to be placed for reasons of hygiene in a separate building. All schools included in the complex must have separate entrances, latrines, changing rooms, and an elevator for staff. It also provided for the creation of a large yard for children to play and a small service yard. One of the indispensable conditions of the competition was the installation of a monument or bust to Peter the Great on the facade of the building. The winner of the competition was a young, 27-year-old architect Alexander Ivanovich Dmitriev. In project against the backdrop of modern neoclassical forms, the architect used the features of Petrine architecture, visually helping to revive the memory of the days long gone, of the birth of St. Petersburg, of its founder.
    Due to funding problems, in 1907, another site was proposed for the construction of the School House on Bolshaya Nevka, along the Petrogradskaya Embankment. Here it was built and assumed the role of architectural dominant. Finally, in April 1909, all approvals and approvals were passed, and on the eve of the anniversary of the Battle of Poltava, on June 26, 1909, the laying of the building was made in a new place for the second time. The main celebrations dedicated to the anniversary of the Battle of Poltava took place in Poltava, so the royal court was there, and members of the royal family were not present at the new laying of the School House. (It is interesting that in Poltava at that time, in the presence of the royal court, a monument to the dead Swedes was opened. A cross was erected on a mass grave in the vicinity of the city with the inscription: “To the brave Swedish soldiers who fell in the battle near Poltava on June 27, 1709”). The building was completed in a surprisingly short time, especially compared to the long period of preparation. It was under construction for only a year and a half, and by the autumn of 1910 the construction was almost completed. The school complex consisted of the main building, standing along the Bolshaya Nevka, and two buildings perpendicular to it. One of them housed an assembly hall with a service wing; in the other - a craft building connected to the main building by a three-story passage above the gate. In 1910, even before the completion of finishing work in the building of the School House, classes began in 37 classes. The consecration of the building took place on the 240th birthday of the founder of the city, Emperor Peter the Great on May 30, 1912. The building was equipped with central steam heating, ventilation, electricity was provided, and the streets adjacent to it were paved.
    The main facade of the building faces the Bolshaya Nevka. The façade is markedly asymmetrical. Its semantic center is strongly shifted to the right. In the center of the main composition at the level of the third floor there is a cartouche with a bronze bust of Peter in a cuirass and ermine mantle according to the sketches of A. N. Benois. Below it are two figurines of babies coverlet with the inscription: "TO THE FATHER OF THE FATHERLAND". The sculptural decoration of the facade is crowned by a huge relief, in the center of which are two crossed Latin letters "P" - the emperor's monogram: Peter Prime. To the right and left of the image are young athletes holding a heavy lion skin, on which a clock from the famous Winter company is installed below at the level of the fifth floor. The clocks of this company are installed on the Admiralty tower, on the tower of the Moscow railway station, as well as on the Dumskaya tower. Above the raised roof of the pediment rises a thin spire with a boat at the top.
    The facade of the Craft Building of the School House, facing the Neva, is decorated with a high relief by the sculptor A.A. Kudinov. The high relief depicts the goddess Minerva approving the deeds of Peter. The image of the Roman goddess Minerva (Greek Athena) on the façade of the Craft Building represents her here as the patroness of arts and crafts, surrounded by objects related to various types of human activity: painting, sculpture, theater, navigation, shipbuilding. In the vocational school of the school house, special attention was paid to the acquisition of drawing and drawing skills by students, and therefore the building had drawing rooms, large audiences and workshops. The library was also located here.
    The northern wing of the School House is service. He goes to Penkovaya street. Together with the body of the assembly hall, the four-storey outbuilding forms a small cozy service yard. The ceremonial halls of the School House were called "Petrovsky". Little remains of their former opulence. The reception room, which is now divided into two parts, resembled the gallery of the Monplaisir Palace in Peterhof with its decoration. To some extent, the vestibule of the main entrance with cross vaults, tiles and a two-tiered fireplace has been preserved. On the two staircases leading up from the lobby, lanterns, reminiscent of the lanterns of sailing ships, hung on chains in the flights of stairs. By some miracle, the railing gratings with the monogram of Peter I and Menshikov (letter "M") and the railings themselves survived.
    The Assembly Hall, located on the second floor, was very decorated with chandeliers and chandeliers. Wooden models of ships were hung from the ceiling, wall lamps and mirrors alternated in the piers. Blue tiles with drawings depicting the era of Peter the Great gave a special solemnity to the hall, and the sayings of Peter I were repeatedly repeated. Paintings and two maps of Russia hung in the hall.
    After the revolution, the rich decoration of the Assembly Hall was lost. In 1944, the Nakhimov School was located in the building of the former School House of Peter the Great.