The post was inspired by a reading of Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary (or Madame Bovary in some translations) (Gustave Flaubert " Madame Bovary" ).

Summary Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary
The action of Gustave Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary takes place in the middle of the 19th century in France.

Main characters:
- Charles Bovary is a provincial doctor, a good but unremarkable person.
- Emma Bovary is the second wife of Charles.
- Rodolphe Boulanger - a wealthy man who lives near the Bovary spouses, Emma's lover.
- Leon Dupuis - a young assistant notary, Emma's lover.
- Monsieur Leray is a businessman and usurer who has entangled the Bovary family with his fetters.

Charles Bovary, an unremarkable young man, received a medical degree and became a doctor in the small French town of Toast. He marries a wealthy widow of a bailiff, a woman older than him, but with a good annual income. Charles began to work well and earned fame in the district as a good doctor. Once he was called to the landowner Rouault, who broke his leg. He cured Monsieur Rouault and began to visit him from time to time. In addition to his good relations with Rouault, Emma Rouault, the daughter of Papa Rouault, began to attract him.

Charles's wife, who did not have a soul in him, suddenly dies. Charles, a little later, asks Emma's hand in marriage from her father. My father didn't mind, and neither did Emma. So the wedding of the young took place. Carried away by Charles, Emma quickly realizes that Charles, despite all his good sides, is a colorless and uninteresting person. The same is not interesting and family life with him. Madame Bovary longs for luxury, life in the capital, balls and dresses, and instead - a rather modest existence in the provinces. Charles, on the contrary, is happy and peaceful: he loves his wife and thinks that she is happy with him.

Having attended a luxurious ball, Emma clearly understands the difference between that life and her existence. Soon they move to another city in the hope that this will shake Emma up, but this does not happen. The birth of Bertha's daughter also does not awaken any special feelings in Emma.

In the new city of Yonville, Bovary gets to know the local community. The notary's assistant, Leon, falls in love with Emma and they begin to chat. Emma loves him too, but they never admit it to each other. Leon leaves for Paris to complete his education, and Emma begins to languish again. Soon a wealthy landowner Rodolphe Boulanger appears on Emma's path. He decided to possess Emma by all means and achieved this. They become lovers. Emma begins to become entangled in matters of the heart and money, making debts with the local pawnbroker, Leray. The lovers are so infatuated with each other that they decide to run away and plan an escape. On the day of the alleged escape, Rodolphe prevailed common sense(and some weariness from Emma), and he decides to give up his escape and cut his connection with Emma. Emma falls ill after receiving his letter. She has been sick for many months. Caring for her costs a lot of money, Charles also borrows from the same Leray.

Emma finally gets better and tries to find solace in the church. She thinks that she finds him, but in reality she only pushes her feelings and passions deeper. One day, the Bovarys go to the theater and meet Leon there, who has returned after finishing his education. Emma and Leon are once again inflamed with passion for each other. They become lovers. Emma comes up with new tricks to meet with Leon, she spends a lot of money on him, getting more and more entangled in Lera's web. Leray, tired of waiting for money, protests the bills through a figurehead, the court seizes the property of the spouses and appoints an auction for its sale.

Emma tries to find money to pay off huge debts, turns to both acquaintances and former lovers, but everyone refuses her. In desperation and insanity, she swallows arsenic. Charles unsuccessfully tries to save her, resorting to the help of the best doctors in the area. Nevertheless, Emma dies in great agony. Heartbroken, Charles gradually learns the truth about Emma's financial and heart affairs, but still loves her and honors her memory, preventing her from selling her things. One day he meets with Rodolphe and tells him that he is not angry with him. On the same day he dies in his garden. Daughter Bertha is taken away by Charles's mother, but she too dies quickly. Berta is taken by her aunt, they are in great need, so Berta is forced to go to work in a spinning mill.

The novel "Madame Bovary" ends like this: the other heroes of the story very quickly forget Bovary and most in the best way arrange their lives: Leon marries, Rodolphe lives as before, the pharmacist Ome prospers, Leray prospers. But Bovary is no more.

Meaning
Wish sharp feelings and strong passions and rejection of a simple provincial life led the Bovary family to a sad ending: Emma was poisoned, Charles died early, her daughter Bertha has a harsh future ahead. The routine, which completely suited Charles, killed Emma, ​​who wanted a bright and luxurious life. Trying to get out of ordinary life led to a tragic ending.

Conclusion
The story is very naturalistic and very difficult. The drama is off the scale, so it's hard to read the denouement, which, no doubt, should be tragic. I, as a reader, wish only that such stories take place in novels, and not in real life. The product is great!Be sure to read Madame Bovary!

The psychological novel Madame Bovary brought fame to the author, which has remained with him to this day. Flaubert's innovation was fully manifested and amazed readers. It consisted in the fact that the writer saw material for art "in everything and everywhere", without avoiding some low and supposedly unworthy of poetry topics. He urged his colleagues to "get closer and closer to science." The scientific approach includes the impartiality and objectivity of the image and the depth of the study. Therefore, the writer, according to Flaubert, "must be in tune with everything and everyone, if he wants to understand and describe." Art, like science, should be distinguished not only by the completeness and scale of thought, but also by the impregnable perfection of form. These principles are called Flaubert's "objective method" or "objective writing".

The meaning and main principles of Flaubert's objective method on the example of the novel Madame Bovary

Flaubert wanted to achieve visibility in art, which reflected his innovative literary method. The objective method is a new principle of reflecting the world, which implies a dispassionate detailed presentation of events, the complete absence of the author in the text (i.e. his opinions, assessments), his interaction with the reader at the level of means artistic expressiveness, intonation, descriptions, but not a direct statement. If Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, for example, explained his point of view in numerous digressions, then in Gustave Flaubert they are completely absent. An objective picture in Flaubert's work is more than a mimesis, it is a meaningful and creatively reworked reproduction by the author, stimulating the thought processes and creative possibilities of the reader himself. At the same time, the writer disdains dramatic effects and accidents. A real master, according to Flaubert, creates a book about nothing, a book without an external tether, which would be held by itself, by the inner strength of its style, like the earth, supported by nothing, is kept in the air - a book that would have almost no plot or , at least in which the plot, if possible, would be mail invisible.

Example: main idea novel Madame Bovary, which describes everyday life as a story or an epic, is revealed with the help of virtuoso composition and all-conquering irony. An illustration can serve as an analysis of the scene at the fair, when Rodolphe confesses his love to Emma: ardent speeches are interrupted by farcical cries about the price of agricultural products, the achievements of the peasants and bidding. In this scene, the author emphasizes that the same banal, vulgar deal is taking place between Emma and Rodolphe, only it is embellished appropriately. Flaubert does not impose morality: “Oh, how vulgarly he seduces her! How it looks like a marketplace! It's like they're buying chicken!" There is no such tediousness at all, but the reader understands why love is talked about at the fair.

To extract poetry from primitive characters, Flaubert was sensitive to truthfulness in depicting the relationship of personality and circumstances. Loyalty to psychology, according to Flaubert, is one of the main functions of art. Flaubert's perfectionism of form is not formalism, but the desire to create "a work that will reflect the world and make you think about its essence, not only lying on the surface, but also hidden, wrong side."

The history of the creation of the novel Madame Bovary. Is Emma Bovary a real woman or a fictitious image?

The work "Madame Bovary" is based on non-fictional history of the Delamare family, which Flaubert was told by a friend, the poet and playwright Louis Bouillet. Eugene Delamare - a mediocre doctor from a remote French province, married to a widow (who died shortly after marriage), and then to a young girl - this is the prototype of Charles Bovary. His young wife Delphine Couturier- exhausted from idleness and provincial boredom, squandering all the money on frilly outfits and whims of lovers and committing suicide - this is the prototype of Emma Rouault / Bovary. But we must remember that Flaubert always emphasized that his novel is not a documentary retelling of real life. Tired of questioning, he replied that Madame Bovary did not have a prototype, and if she did, then it was the writer himself.

The image of the province: the manners of the petty-bourgeois province as typical circumstances for the formation of personality

Flaubert ridicules provincial mores and reveals the patterns of personality formation in the provincial petty-bourgeois society. Madame Bovary is an attempt at an artistic study of social reality, its typical manifestations and tendencies. The author describes in detail how Emma and Charles were formed under the influence of bourgeois prejudices. They are accustomed from childhood to be the "golden mean". The main thing in this moderate life is to provide for oneself and look decent in the eyes of society. A striking example of petty-bourgeois prudence: Charles's mother, a respectable and wise woman, chose a bride for him according to the size of her annual income. Family happiness is proportional to earnings. The measure of public recognition in this environment is solvency. The embodiment of the ideal provincial tradesman is the image of the pharmacist Gome. His vulgar maxims shine with everyday, practical wisdom, which justifies anyone who is wealthy and cunning enough to hide his vices under a greasy layer of piety. Petty calculations, gluttony, deliberate housekeeping, petty vanity, secret love affairs on the side, obsession with the physical side of love - these are the values ​​and joys of this society.

Emma Bovary is different from the philistine standard the fact that she notices his vices and rebels against the ordinary device of provincial life, but she herself is a part of this world, cannot rebel against herself. The character of a person is very dependent on his environment, so Emma absorbed provinciality with her mother's milk, she will not change without a radical change in the environment.

The main features of the bourgeois province of Flaubert:

• vulgarity
• lack of reflection
• base passions and ambitions
• crude, wretched materialism

The Cause of Emma Bovary's Tragedy: Flaubert's Appreciation

Emma was educated in a monastery, so she was cut off from the miserable reality. Her upbringing consisted of the majestic, but incomprehensible to her, Catholic rites and dogmas, along with romantic novels about love, from which she drew sublime, unrealistic ideas about this feeling. She wanted book love, but did not know life and true feelings. Returning to the farm with her rude, uncouth father, she faced everyday life and routine, but continued to be in illusions, which was facilitated by her religious upbringing. Her idealism took on a rather vulgar look, because she is not a saint, she is the same philistine at heart, like all those who are so disgusting to her. The tragedy of Madame Bovary is that she could not come to terms with herself, she is philistinism. An inappropriate upbringing in captivity, a rich imagination and the pernicious influence of low-grade literature on this imagination, already prone to ridiculous fantasies and heaps of shaky ambitions, gave rise to an internal collision.

How does Flaubert feel about Emma Bovary? He is objective to her: he describes both ugly hands, and ordinary eyes, and clapping wooden shoes. However, the heroine is not without the charm of a healthy young peasant woman, who is adorned with love. The writer justifies the rebellion of Madame Bovary, derogatoryly describing the bourgeois environment. He denounced the illusions of a naive limited woman, yes, but even more of the author's sarcasm went to her environment, the life that fate had prepared for her. Everyone accepted this routine boredom, and she dared to rebel. Emma, ​​it must be said, has nowhere to know what to do, how to fight against the system, she is not the savage Aldous Huxley. But it is not the inhuman society of the future that kills her, but ordinary philistinism, which either grinds a person down or throws them overboard in cold blood. However Flaubert's creative discovery lies in the fact that he leaves the reader to deal with the problem and judge Emma. Logical accents, distortions of actions and intrusion of the author are unacceptable.

The relevance of Flaubert's novel Madame Bovary

It is interesting that excessive knowledge brought misfortune and anxiety to Madame Bovary. Knowledge does not bring happiness, a person, in order to be satisfied, must remain a limited consumer, as described by Huxley in his. Emma initially had a mediocre mind (she didn’t finish anything, she couldn’t read serious books) and didn’t make strong-willed efforts, so she would be happy to lead a cozy life of an inveterate provincial with primitive, limited interests. After all, she was drawn to earthly ideals (nobility, entertainment, money), but she went to them in mystical, romantic ways in her imagination. She had no reason for such ambitions, so she invented them, as many of our acquaintances and friends invent. This path has already been passed more than once and is almost paved, like a full-fledged life road. Inflamed fantasy often excites the minds of the provincial philistines. Everyone must have heard about imaginary connections, huge capitals of tomorrow and utterly ambitious plans "FROM MONDAY". Victims of the cult of success and self-realization speak competently about investments, projects, their business and independence “from their uncle”. However, years pass, the stories do not stop and only acquire new details, but nothing changes, people live from credit to credit, and even from binge to binge. Every loser has his own tragedy, and it's not unlike Emma Bovary's story. At school, they also said that excellent students would live happily ever after. And so a person remains alone with his diary, where he has fives, and the real world, where everything is evaluated by other criteria.

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"Madam Bovary" (Madame Bovary, fr. Madame Bovary listen)) is a novel by Gustave Flaubert, first published in 1856. Considered one of the masterpieces of world literature.

The main character of the novel is Emma Bovary, the doctor's wife, living beyond her means and having extramarital affairs in the hope of getting rid of the emptiness and routine of provincial life. Although the plot of the novel is quite simple and even banal, true value novel - in the details and forms of presentation of the plot. Flaubert as a writer was known for his desire to bring each work to the ideal, always trying to find the right words.

The novel was published in the Parisian literary magazine " Revue de Paris» from October 1 to December 15, 1856. After the publication of the novel, the author (as well as two other publishers of the novel) was accused of insulting morality and, together with the editor of the magazine, was brought to trial in January 1857. The scandalous fame of the work made it popular, and the acquittal of February 7, 1857 made it possible to publish the novel as a separate book that followed in the same year. It is now considered not only one of the key works of realism, but also one of the works that had the greatest influence on literature in general. The novel contains features of literary naturalism. Flaubert's skepticism towards man manifested itself in the absence of typical for the traditional novel goodies. Careful drawing of the characters also led to a very long exposition of the novel, which allows a better understanding of the character. main character and, accordingly, the motivation of her actions (as opposed to voluntarism in the actions of the heroes of sentimentalist and romantic literature). Rigid determinism in the actions of the characters became a mandatory feature of the French novel of the first half. 19th century The coloring of provincial life, in which all the ugliness of bourgeois culture condensed, makes it possible to attribute Flaubert to the number of writers focused on "anti-provincial" themes. The thoroughness of the depiction of characters, the mercilessly accurate drawing of details (the novel accurately and naturalistically shows death from arsenic poisoning, the efforts to prepare the corpse for burial, when dirty liquid pours out of the mouth of the deceased Emma, ​​etc.) were noted by critics as a feature of the writer's manner Flaubert. This was reflected in the cartoon, where Flaubert is depicted in the apron of an anatomist, exposing the body of Emma Bovary.

According to a 2007 poll of contemporary popular authors, Madame Bovary is one of the two greatest novels of all time (immediately after Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina). Turgenev at one time spoke of this novel as the best work "in the entire literary world."

Plot

Wedding of Emma and Charles.

Charles Bovary, after graduating from college, by the decision of his mother, begins to study medicine. However, he turns out to be not very smart, and only the natural diligence and help of his mother allow him to pass the exam and get a doctor's job in Toast, a provincial French town in Normandy. Through the efforts of his mother, he marries a local widow, an unattractive but wealthy woman who is already over forty. One day, on a call to a local farmer, Charles meets the farmer's daughter, Emma Rouault, a pretty girl whom he becomes attracted to.

After the death of his wife, Charles begins to communicate with Emma and after some time decides to ask for her hand. Her long-widowed father agrees and arranges a magnificent wedding. But when the young people begin to live together, Emma very quickly realizes that she does not love Charles. However, he loves her and is truly happy with her. She is burdened by family life in a remote province and, in the hope of changing something, insists on moving to another city. However, this does not help, and even the birth of a child, a girl, does not change anything in her attitude to life.

In a new place, she meets an admirer, Leon Dupuis, with whom she has a relationship, while platonic. But Leon dreams of metropolitan life and after a while leaves for Paris. After some time, Emma meets Rodolphe Boulanger, a very wealthy man and a famous womanizer. He starts courting her and they become lovers. During this relationship, she begins to get into debt and spend money without her husband's permission. The relationship ends when she begins to dream and prepare to run away from her husband abroad with her lover and daughter. Rodolphe is not satisfied with this development of events, and he breaks the connection, which Emma takes very hard.

She finally manages to move away from a depressed state only when she again meets Leon Dupuis, who has returned from the capital, who resumes his courtship. She tries to refuse him, but she can't. Emma and Leon first bond in the carriage they hired to tour Rouen. In the future, relations with a new lover force her to deceive her husband, weaving more and more lies into family life. But she gets entangled not only in lies, but also in debts made with the help of the owner of the shop, Mr. Leray. This turns out to be the worst. When the moneylender no longer wants to wait and goes to court to seize the property of the spouses on account of the debt, Emma, ​​trying to find a way out, turns to her lover, to other acquaintances, even to Rodolphe, her former lover, but to no avail.

Desperate, she secretly from the pharmacist, Mr. Ome, takes arsenic in the pharmacy, which she immediately takes. She soon becomes ill. Neither her husband nor the invited famous doctor can do anything to help her, and soon Emma dies. After her death, Charles discovers the truth about the number of debts she has incurred, and then about the presence of relationships with other men. Shocked, he is unable to survive it and soon dies.

History of creation

The idea for the novel was presented to Flaubert in 1851. He had just read to his friends the first version of another of his works, The Temptation of St. Anthony, and was criticized by them. In this regard, one of the writer's friends, Maxime du Can, editor of La Revue de Paris, suggested that he get rid of the poetic and stilted style. To do this, du Can advised to choose a realistic and even everyday story related to events in the lives of ordinary people, contemporary French bourgeois Flaubert. The plot itself was suggested to the writer by another friend, Louis Bouillet (the novel is dedicated to him), who reminded Flaubert of the events associated with the Delamare family.

Eugene Delamare studied surgery under Flaubert's father, Achille Clefoas. Possessing no talents, he was able to take the place of a doctor only in a remote French province, where he married a widow, a woman older than him. After the death of his wife, he met a young girl named Delphine Couturier, who later became his second wife. The romantic nature of Delphine could not bear, however, the boredom of the provincial philistine life. She began to spend her husband's money on expensive outfits, and then cheat on him with numerous lovers. The husband was warned about the possible infidelity of his wife, but he did not believe it. At the age of 27, entangled in debt and losing attention from men, she committed suicide. After the death of Delphine, the truth about her debts and the details of her betrayals was revealed to her husband. He could not bear it and a year later he also died.

Flaubert was familiar with this story - his mother was in contact with the Delamare family. He seized on the idea of ​​a novel, studied the life of the prototype, and in the same year set to work, which, however, turned out to be excruciatingly difficult. Flaubert wrote the novel for almost five years, sometimes spending whole weeks and even months on individual episodes. This was written evidence of the writer himself. Thus, in January 1853, he wrote to Louise Colet:

I spent five days on one page...

In another letter, he actually complains:

I struggle with every offer, but it just doesn't add up. What a heavy oar is my pen!

Already in the process of work, Flaubert continued to collect material. He himself read the novels that Emma Bovary liked to read, studied the symptoms and effects of arsenic poisoning. It is widely known that he himself felt bad, describing the scene of the poisoning of the heroine. This is how he recalled it:

When I described the scene of the poisoning of Emma Bovary, I tasted the arsenic so clearly and felt so truly poisoned that I suffered two attacks of nausea, quite real, one after the other, and vomited the whole dinner out of my stomach.

In the course of the work, Flaubert repeatedly redid his work. Manuscript of the novel, which is currently kept in the municipal library

Gustave Flaubert

Madame Bovary

Louis Buile1

Marie-Antoine-Julie Senard, a Parisian lawyer,

former President of the National Assembly

and Minister of the Interior

Dear and famous friend!

Let me put your name on the front page

of this book, before dedication, for to you mainly I

owes its publication. Your brilliant protective

speech pointed out to me its meaning, which I did not

gave it to her before. Accept this feeble tribute

my deepest gratitude for your eloquence and

for your self-sacrifice.

PART ONE

As we were preparing our lessons, the headmaster came in, leading a home-dressed "novice" and an attendant carrying a huge desk. Some of us were dozing, but then we all woke up and jumped up with an air as if we had been suddenly interrupted from our studies.

The director signaled us to take our places, and then, turning to the class teacher, said in an undertone:

The newcomer was still standing in the corner, behind the door, so that we could hardly see this country boy of about fifteen, taller than all of us. His hair was cut in a circle, like that of a rural psalmist, he behaved sedately, despite his extreme embarrassment. He did not differ in particular strength of build, and yet his green cloth jacket with black buttons, apparently, stung him in the armholes, red hands protruding from the cuffs, not accustomed to gloves. He pulled the harness up too high, and blue stockings peeked out from under his light brown trousers. His shoes were rough, poorly polished, lined with nails.

They started asking for lessons. The newcomer listened with bated breath as they listened to the sermon in the church, he was afraid to cross his legs, he was afraid to lean on his elbows, and at two o'clock, when the bell rang, the mentor had to call him, otherwise he would not have become a couple.

When entering the classroom, we always wanted to free our hands as soon as possible, and we usually threw our caps on the floor; they were supposed to be thrown right from the threshold under the bench, but in such a way that, when they hit the wall, they raised as much dust as possible: this was a special chic.

Perhaps the newcomer did not pay attention to our trick, perhaps he did not dare to take part in it, but as soon as the prayer ended, he still held his cap on his knees. It was a complex headdress, a mixture of a bear's cap, a bowler hat, an otter-fur cap, and a downy hat - in a word, it was one of those trashy things whose mute ugliness is no less expressive than the face of a fool. Egg-shaped, stretched out on a whalebone, it began with three circular rollers; further, separated from the rollers by a red band, there were interspersed diamonds of velvet and rabbit fur; above them rose something like a bag, which was crowned with a cardboard polygon with intricate braid embroidery, and from this polygon hung a tassel of gold thread on a long thin cord. The cap was brand new, its visor shone.

"Get up," the teacher said.

He got up; the cap has fallen. The whole class laughed.

He bent down and picked up his cap. The neighbor threw her off with his elbow - he again had to bend down after her.

“Get rid of your wagon!” said the teacher, not devoid of wit.

The unanimous laughter of schoolchildren confused the poor boy - he did not know whether to hold his cap in his hands, whether to throw it on the floor or put it on his head. He sat down and laid her on her knees.

“Get up,” the teacher turned to him again, “and tell me your last name.”

The newcomer muttered something unintelligible.

- Repeat!

In response, there was the same swallowing of whole syllables, drowned out by the whooping of the class.

- Louder! the teacher shouted. - Louder!

The newcomer, with the determination of despair, opened his mouth and blurted out with all the strength of his lungs, as if calling someone:

- Sharbovari!

Here an unimaginable noise rose up and began to grow crescendo, with ringing cries (the class rumbled, cackled, stomped, repeated: Sharbovari! Sharbovari!), And then broke up into separate voices, but for a long time could not calm down and from time to time ran through the rows of desks, on which muffled laughter flashed here and there like an unextinguished cracker.

Under a hail of shouts, order was gradually restored, the teacher, having forced the beginner to dictate, pronounce in warehouses, and then read his name and surname again, finally made out the words "Charles Bovary" and ordered the poor fellow to sit down at the "lazy" desk, at the very departments. The newcomer took a step, but immediately stopped in indecision.

- What are you looking for? the teacher asked.

“My truck...” the newcomer spoke timidly, looking around uneasily.

- Five hundred lines to the whole class!

This formidable exclamation, like Quos ego2, subdued the storm that had risen again.

- Will you stop or not? the angry teacher shouted once more and, taking out a handkerchief from under his cap, wiped the sweat from his forehead. - And you, newbie, will conjugate ridiculus sum twenty times in my notebook (I'm ridiculous, lat.). - Relenting somewhat, he added: - Yes, there is your cap! Nobody stole it.

Finally, everyone calmed down. Heads bowed over notebooks, and for the remaining two hours the newcomer behaved approximately, although from time to time balls of chewed paper, aptly thrown from the tip of a pen, hit him right in the face. He wiped his face with his hand, but did not change his posture and did not even raise his eyes.

In the evening, before preparing his lessons, he laid out his school supplies carefully lined the paper. We saw how conscientiously he studied, constantly looking into the dictionary, trying his best. He knew grammar quite well, but his phrases turned out to be clumsy, so he was apparently transferred to the senior class only for diligence. Parents, prudent people, were in no hurry to send him to school, and the village priest taught him the basics of the Latin language.

His father, Mr. Charles-Denis-Bartholome Bovary, a retired company paramedic, in 1812 came out with an ugly story related to recruiting, and he had to leave the service, but thanks to his personal qualities, he managed to grab in passing a dowry of sixty thousand francs, which the owner of a hat shop gave for his daughter, who was seduced by the appearance of a paramedic. Handsome, a talker, who knew how to dashingly jingle his spurs, wore a mustache with a mustache, humiliated his fingers with rings, loved to dress up in everything bright, he gave the impression of a brave fellow and behaved with traveling salesman glibness. Having married, he lived for two or three years on a dowry - he had a hearty dinner, got up late, smoked china pipes, went to theaters every evening and often looked into cafes. The father-in-law left behind a little; out of vexation, M. Bovary started a factory, but, burnt out, retired to the countryside to straighten out his affairs. However, he knew no more about agriculture than about chintz, he rode his horses instead of plowing them, he pulled whole bottles of cider instead of selling it by barrels, he ate the best living creatures from his poultry yard himself, oiled hunting boots fat of his pigs - and soon came to the conclusion that all sorts of household undertakings should be abandoned.

For two hundred francs a year, he rented in a village located on the border of Co and Picardy, something between a farm and a landowner's estate, and, dejected, full of late regrets, grumbling at God and resolutely envious of everyone, disappointed, in his words, in people, forty-five years old has already decided to shut up and retire from business.

Once upon a time, his wife was crazy about him. She loved him with a slavish love, and this only pushed him away from her. From her youth, cheerful, sociable, affectionate, in old age she, like spent wine that turns into vinegar, became quarrelsome, quarrelsome, irritable. At first, without showing it, she suffered severely because her husband was chasing after all the village girls, because, having been in all the haunting places, he came home late, exhausted, and he smelled of wine. Then self-esteem woke up in her. She withdrew into herself, buried her anger under a slab of silent stoicism - and remained so until her death. She always had so much running around, so much trouble! She went to lawyers, to the chairman of the court, remembered the terms of bills, sought a delay, and at home she stroked, sewed, washed, looked after workers, paid bills, while her careless husband, chained by a grumpy half-sleep, from which he returned to reality only in order to say some taunt to his wife, he smoked by the fireplace and spit into the ashes.

When they had a child, he had to be given to a wet nurse. Then, taking the boy home, they began to spoil him, as they spoil the crown prince. His mother fed him sweets; his father allowed him to run around barefoot and even, pretending to be a philosopher, claimed that the boy, like baby animals, could well walk completely naked. In contrast to maternal aspirations, he created for himself the ideal of a courageous childhood and, in accordance with this ideal, he tried to develop his son, believing that only severe, Spartan education can strengthen his health. He forced him to sleep in an unheated room, taught him to drink rum in large sips, taught him to mock religious processions. But the naturally meek boy was not instilled with all this. His mother dragged him everywhere with her, cut out pictures for him, told stories, uttered endless monologues filled with sorrowful merriment and eloquent tenderness. Tired of spiritual loneliness, she concentrated on her son all her unsatisfied, deceived ambition. She dreamed of how he would take a prominent position, imagined how he, already an adult, handsome, intelligent, enters the service of the department of communications or the court. She taught him to read, moreover, she taught him to sing two or three romances to the accompaniment of an old piano. But M. Bovary did not attach of great importance mental development. "It's all for nothing!" he said. Are they in a position to send their son to a state school, buy him a position or a trade? "Happiness is not in learning - whoever is victorious will always come out among the people." Madame Bovary bit her lip, while the little boy ran about the village.

« Madame Bovary" or " Madame Bovary"- the great novel of the French writer Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880). The novel was published in 1856 and has been considered one of the masterpieces of world literature for a century and a half.

Gustave Flaubert became known as one of the earliest and most daring realist writers of his time. Unlike the romantic and sentimental literature that existed in the 19th century and was the most common, Flaubert's books were truthful, as close to life as possible, and had a strong influence on the entire public. Many were so discouraged by the realism of the descriptions, the similarity of the characters and fates of the heroes of the novels with ordinary people whom people saw every day, with whom they were friends or were familiar, that soon the literature of this writer gained great fame. By the way, the novel in question here was originally published in separate chapters in the Parisian literary magazine Revue de Paris. Some of the details in the book that dissenters felt were overly realistic led to the author and two publishers being taken to court. In particular, many did not like the fact that Flaubert described in too much detail the death of Emma Bovary and the hassle of preparing her body for burial. The court sided with Flaubert and his publishers, but the novel itself became scandalous and even more popular, which made it possible to publish it as a separate book.

For all the decades of its existence, Flaubert's novel "Madame Bovary" was considered one of the most greatest works. Russian writer Ivan Sergeevich (1818-1883) called the novel the best work in the entire literary world.

The main character of the novel is Madame Bovary. The personality of Bovary is described so vividly and in detail that the reader is able to literally feel her desires and understand the very essence of this woman. Emma Bovary leads a boring provincial life in a small town, but her dreams are always far from this place. She has always aspired to the luxurious life that rich people lead in big cities, who throw balls, go to expensive restaurants, dress in the latest fashion and overspend. Due to the fact that Bovary has always strived for a carefree life full of entertainment, she frankly lives beyond her means and regularly embarks on amorous adventures. However, every time she is disappointed. In the end, the life of Madame Bovary turns into a complete deception and becomes so unbearable that she decides on the worst ...

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Madame Bovary (2015) movie trailer in Russian

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